I'm beginning to have some problems in hearing, myself. At first the doctors thought it was because I was around aircraft jet engines occassionally. But after testing it appears that it is nerve-related, a product of diabetes, and hearing aids don't help a bit with that. I just have to ask people to repeat things more often.
I'm told by some in my office that close-captioning is a big industry overseas, with much of it being out-sourced to Asia! It seems that they can do close-captioning faster, and for much less cost, than can Americans. That's why you end up with "phonetic" close captioning sometimes - it sounds right, but it's entirely the wrong word.