Sunday aboard USS Richmond

Santee1821

Private
Joined
Aug 30, 2024
Location
North Carolina
There is a set of six photos taken aboard USS Richmond available in high resolution from the Library of Congress. The Library of Congress notes that the photos were published between 1890 and 1901. My guess is that they were taken on a single Sunday morning in the summer of 1890 as "Flagship Richmond" returned from her last active role as a cruising warship of the United States Navy. She had served as flagship of the South Atlantic Station.

Even though these photos were likely taken about 25 years after the war, very little has changed. Richmond perhaps looks a little more spotless than she would have after years of hard duty of blockade and battle, but in terms of her fittings and armament, she is much the same ship that fought at New Orleans, Vicksburg, and Mobile Bay. Her main battery is still composed primarily of smoothbore 9-Inch Dahlgrens. In a world in which the major navies are building steel pre-dreadnoughts and cruisers, USS Richmond with her rope-hauled Dahlgrens manned by cutlass wielding sailors is an anachronism, and I imagine that the photographer came aboard to get these last glimpses of the Old Steam Navy.

This will be the first post of at least six in this thread to look in detail at each of these photos. The first is a photograph of the Church Services taken from the port side by the bluejackets.

Richmond is an old ship, but she is a proud ship.

Church Photo Port Side.jpg

Sunday church services aboard USS Richmond Circa 1890. All of the detail photos are taken from the highest resolution version of this photo which may be found here: https://www.loc.gov/item/2016795163/

Port Photo Enlisted Sailors.jpg


The enlisted sailors are sitting upon benches on the gun deck of USS Richmond. The sailors in the back row are sitting on either side of a 9-Inch Dahlgren. Most of the sailors appear fairly young. It doesn't look to me as if any are holding a hymnal or prayerbook.

Port Photo Clergyman.jpg


Again, the facial expressions interest me: the clergyman, the marines on either side of the wheel, the young sailor looking over his shoulder

Organ and Admiral.jpg

An organ has been placed on the deck for the church service. Visible just to the left of the organ is a bearded old senior officer. He does not appear in the other photo of the church service taken at this time. I presume him to be the admiral.

Port Photo Hat 9-Inch Shot.jpg

A sailor's hat sits upon the hatch. Note the cutlasses and 9-Inch shot rack.

Port Photo Hats on 9 inch shot.jpg

Other sailors in the front row appear to have placed their hats upon the 9-inch shot.

Port Photo Officer on Quarterdeck.jpg


An officer standing beside the mizzen mast looks down from the port side of the quarterdeck

Port Photo Officers.jpg

The ship's officers sit on the starboard side of the gun deck. Note that the sight on the breech of the 9-inch Dahlgren is uncovered

Port Photo Starboard side boats.jpg

Two of Richmond's boats hang from the starboard, aftmost davits
 
As noted in the original post, a set of six photos taken aboard USS Richmond on a single Sunday in (circa) 1890 is available on the Library of Congress website. This post looks at a second photo - this one also of the church service but taken from the starboard side beside the officers. As with the first photo, it is interesting to note what has and has not changed aboard "Flagship Richmond" in the two-and-a-half decades since New Orleans, Vicksburg, and Mobile Bay

service-pnp-det-4a10000-4a14000-4a14600-4a14699v.jpg

The Church Service aboard "Flagship Richmond" - Circa 1890. All of the other period photos in this post are details of this photo. The photo may be found here: https://www.loc.gov/item/2016804161/

9-Inch Dahlgren Breeches.jpg

(Detail of first photo) - Notice the adjustable rear sight of the 9-Inch Dahlgren and in the other Dahlgren in the rear left of the photo the firing hammer can also be seen above the breech

Roller Handspike.jpg

(Detail of First Photo) I believe that the wheel of a "roller handspike" can be seen in this photo. The roller handspike was used in conjunction with the loop at the back of the Marsilly carriage to aid in running the carriage in or out. The Marsilly carriage had skids in place of rear wheels to aid in transferring the recoil of the cannon via friction to the deck.

Officers and Marine.jpg

(Detail of first photo) -The ship's senior officers can be seen in the photo. Note that the officers are holding round caps. In an upcoming photo of the inspection aboard ship, the officers will be wearing (or holding) bicorn hats.

Possible Gatling Gun.jpg

(Detail of first photo) -Up on the quarterdeck, what appears to be a gatling gun may be seen. USS Richmond's logbooks do not appear to have yet been digitized, but USS Kearsarge's logbook for the spring and summer of 1890 list the "Boat Armament" as a "Light Gatling" and 3-Inch BLR Howitzer.

Boat Rifle.jpg

(Detail of first photo) - I believe the boat howitzer may be seen in this photo. Note that unlike the Dahlgren Boat Howitzers of the 1850s-1860s, ammunition boxes are carried on each side of the tube. Again, USS Kearsarge's logbook for the spring and summer of 1890 list the "Boat Armament" as a "Light Gatling" and 3-Inch BLR Howitzer.

Communion Table.jpg

(Detail of first photo) - The clergyman who is leading the service stands behind a Communion Table - which only has books upon it (presumably a Bible, Hymnal, and/or Prayerbook). No Communion vessels are in sight.

Hatchway and Berth Deck Skylights.jpg

(Detail of first photo) - Once again it can be seen that the Marine's hand is upon the wheel. "Richmond" is carved into a wooden board above the wheel. Again, see the cutlasses and the 9-Inch shot in the shot racks. Notice the brass "cage" above the hatchway leading down to the berth deck - visitors to USS Constitution pass through a similar structure to descend from that ship's spar deck.

Morpheus.jpg

(Detail of first photo) - Just to be a bit ridiculous: Is that Morpheus from "The Matrix" in the center background of this photo?

20241105_132212.jpg

9-Inch Dahlgren which is believed to have been aboard USS Richmond (likely at the time of the photo). The rear portion of the Marsilly carriage may be seen in this photo. This cannon is displayed in New Hope, Pennsylvania and also served aboard USS Minnesota.

This post and others related to USS Richmond may be found here: https://www.santee1821.net/preserved-artillery/tag/USS+Richmond
 
As noted in the original post, a set of six photos taken aboard USS Richmond on a single Sunday in (circa) 1890 is available on the Library of Congress website. This post looks at a third photo - this one showing brightwork being polished and work being done aboard "Flagship Richmond". This might be my favorite photo of the set. The photo appears to be taken from the quarterdeck looking down upon the activities on the gun deck. While this photo was taken some 25 years after the end of the war, it is a fascinating look at how this veteran ship and its sailors have and have not changed since 1865.

service-pnp-det-4a10000-4a14000-4a14700-4a14701v.jpg

Brightwork being polished aboard USS Richmond on a Sunday in 1890. The main photo. Subsequent photos are details from the highest resolution available here: https://www.loc.gov/item/2016804163/

Birghtwork Photo 1.jpg

Detail of first photo: Note the lettered buckets spelling "US Flagship" - likely noting the ship's last cruise as the Flagship of the South Atlantic Station in 1889-1890. Note also the metal tracks on the deck, likely showing the position of the 8-Inch MLR. I believe the gunports in this area are larger, too, allowing for the heavy pivot to be fired on a greater bearing.

Birghtwork Photo 2.jpg

The buckets on the starboard side spelling "Richmond" can be seen. Note the small cannon visible on the forecastle deck.

Birghtwork Photo 3.jpg

The 9-Inch Dahlgrens on the starboard side. Note the firing hammers and sights are visible. Also note that these Dahlgrens have been modified by having their trunnions shortened for use on iron carriages. Not all Dahlgrens were modified in this way.

Birghtwork Photo 4.jpg

A young African American sailor looks at a piece of paper while two other sailors look on. One is holding a cutlass (for polishing).

Birghtwork Photo 5.jpg

Notice the laundry hanging in the rigging.

Birghtwork Photo 6.jpg

The Admiral's steam barge - note the sailor working aboard the barge

Birghtwork Photo 7.jpg

Sailors work on maintaining the port battery. Note the sailor coiling the Dahlgren's firing lanyard

Birghtwork Photo 8.jpg

Sailors polish the brass cage over the companionway leading to the berth deck.

Birghtwork Photo 9.jpg

A detail of the breech of one of the 9-Inch Dahlgrens

An_August_Morning_with_Farragut_The_Battle_of_Mobile_Bay,_August_5,_1864._Painted_in_1883_by_W...jpg

"An August Morning with Farragut: The Battle of Mobile Bay, August 5, 1864." Painted by William Haysham Overend in 1883. Now on display in the Wadsworth Atheneum in Hartford, Connecticut. While this painting depicts USS Hartford at Mobile Bay and the perspective is looking aft towards the quarterdeck, the painting illustrates a US Navy Steam Sloop of War in action. USS Richmond is in the painting, following astern of Hartford

IMG_4065.jpg

9-Inch Dahlgren Number 481 at the American Swedish Historical Museum in Philadelphia. I do not know, but I suspect that this "short trunnion" 9-Inch Dahlgren was aboard USS Richmond in 1890. During the war it was carried aboard USS Osceola.
 
I used to wonder WHY we Navy guys pronounced "forecastle" as "Fokesel." That's just the way it is.
It is, of course, a word that dates to the structures built on the bow of fighting ships in the Middle Ages. Especially on merchant ships, the crew berthed under the forecastle deck. A relatively long word said for a very long time by sailors is bound to have a strange pronunciation. It's just interesting that it also retained the full spelling.
 
It is, of course, a word that dates to the structures built on the bow of fighting ships in the Middle Ages. Especially on merchant ships, the crew berthed under the forecastle deck. A relatively long word said for a very long time by sailors is bound to have a strange pronunciation. It's just interesting that it also retained the full spelling.
You are absolutely correct, @Santee1821.
 
The Admiral's steam barge - note the sailor working aboard the barge
Not being familiar with the concept of "the Admiral's Barge" I just did a quick search on the web and surmise it was a term that evolved to refer to the means by which an Admiral and his staff traveled between ships or when changing the flagship?

An interesting notation by one writer said that during WW2 on the aircraft carriers, the "Admiral's Barge" was actually a plane designated for the purpose served by the barge in earlier wars.
 
Not being familiar with the concept of "the Admiral's Barge" I just did a quick search on the web and surmise it was a term that evolved to refer to the means by which an Admiral and his staff traveled between ships or when changing the flagship?

An interesting notation by one writer said that during WW2 on the aircraft carriers, the "Admiral's Barge" was actually a plane designated for the purpose served by the barge in earlier wars.
Interesting.
 
As noted in the original post, a set of six photos taken aboard USS Richmond on a single Sunday in (circa) 1890 is available on the Library of Congress website. This post looks at a second photo - this one also of the church service but taken from the starboard side beside the officers. As with the first photo, it is interesting to note what has and has not changed aboard "Flagship Richmond" in the two-and-a-half decades since New Orleans, Vicksburg, and Mobile Bay

View attachment 538365
The Church Service aboard "Flagship Richmond" - Circa 1890. All of the other period photos in this post are details of this photo. The photo may be found here: https://www.loc.gov/item/2016804161/

View attachment 538366
(Detail of first photo) - Notice the adjustable rear sight of the 9-Inch Dahlgren and in the other Dahlgren in the rear left of the photo the firing hammer can also be seen above the breech

View attachment 538367
(Detail of First Photo) I believe that the wheel of a "roller handspike" can be seen in this photo. The roller handspike was used in conjunction with the loop at the back of the Marsilly carriage to aid in running the carriage in or out. The Marsilly carriage had skids in place of rear wheels to aid in transferring the recoil of the cannon via friction to the deck.

View attachment 538368
(Detail of first photo) -The ship's senior officers can be seen in the photo. Note that the officers are holding round caps. In an upcoming photo of the inspection aboard ship, the officers will be wearing (or holding) bicorn hats.

View attachment 538369
(Detail of first photo) -Up on the quarterdeck, what appears to be a gatling gun may be seen. USS Richmond's logbooks do not appear to have yet been digitized, but USS Kearsarge's logbook for the spring and summer of 1890 list the "Boat Armament" as a "Light Gatling" and 3-Inch BLR Howitzer.

View attachment 538370
(Detail of first photo) - I believe the boat howitzer may be seen in this photo. Note that unlike the Dahlgren Boat Howitzers of the 1850s-1860s, ammunition boxes are carried on each side of the tube. Again, USS Kearsarge's logbook for the spring and summer of 1890 list the "Boat Armament" as a "Light Gatling" and 3-Inch BLR Howitzer.

View attachment 538371
(Detail of first photo) - The clergyman who is leading the service stands behind a Communion Table - which only has books upon it (presumably a Bible, Hymnal, and/or Prayerbook). No Communion vessels are in sight.

View attachment 538372
(Detail of first photo) - Once again it can be seen that the Marine's hand is upon the wheel. "Richmond" is carved into a wooden board above the wheel. Again, see the cutlasses and the 9-Inch shot in the shot racks. Notice the brass "cage" above the hatchway leading down to the berth deck - visitors to USS Constitution pass through a similar structure to descend from that ship's spar deck.

View attachment 538373
(Detail of first photo) - Just to be a bit ridiculous: Is that Morpheus from "The Matrix" in the center background of this photo?

View attachment 538374
9-Inch Dahlgren which is believed to have been aboard USS Richmond (likely at the time of the photo). The rear portion of the Marsilly carriage may be seen in this photo. This cannon is displayed in New Hope, Pennsylvania and also served aboard USS Minnesota.

This post and others related to USS Richmond may be found here: https://www.santee1821.net/preserved-artillery/tag/USS+Richmond
I'd guess the "four ringer" is the ships Captain?
Were the ships chaplains civilians or is that guy from a church ashore?
 
Sunday aboard USS Richmond (Circa 1890)- Photos 4 through 6. These three photos don't quite hold up to the detailed examination of the previous three posts, but they are an interesting look at "US Flagship Richmond" at the end of her service as an active cruising warship of the United States Navy. While the first steel Pre-Dreadnought Battleships were entering service around the world, US Navy sailors continued to go to sea in wooden hulled veterans of the 1860s. However, the photographer seems to be aboard specifically to get this last glimpse of the Navy which fought the Civil War and proudly showed the flag of the United States in the years following the war.

To me it is a shame that neither USS Richmond nor USS Hartford, which survived until 1920 and 1956 respectively, were saved as a monument to the Old Steam Navy. Really, only USS Enterprise (CV-6) which was also lost in the late 1950s had any more of a claim to being the Navy's most historic ship than Hartford.

service-pnp-det-4a10000-4a14000-4a14700-4a14700v.jpg

'USS Richmond - Sunday Morning Inspection" (Circa 1890). Many comments in the previous photos have asked about the Pith Helmets. Look at all the pith helmets of the US Marines! Officers seen in the Church Service photos can also be seen on deck - including the ship's Captain. Full version of the photo here: https://www.loc.gov/item/2016804162/

service-pnp-det-4a10000-4a14000-4a14700-4a14702v.jpg

"USS Richmond - Stand By to Lay Aloft" (Circa 1890) - Sailors pose for the camera as if about to ascend into the rigging of the mizzenmast. Note the carriage at right. Based on previous photos, I believe this to be the wheel of the ship's light gatling gun. Full version of the photo here: https://www.loc.gov/item/2016795150/

service-pnp-det-4a10000-4a14000-4a14600-4a14698v.jpg

"USS Richmond - Forecastle" (Circa 1890) - Note the sailors looking directly into the camera, the cigarettes, the sewing machine, and the sailors reading. Also note the tracks on the deck in the back right of the photo. I believe these tracks are for the 8-Inch Muzzle Loading Rifle mounted as a Pivot Gun. Near the tracks you can see what look like the base of modern, folding metal music stands - is that what they are. The photo is taken by the funnel - the forecastle proper is a little farther forward. Full version of the photo here: https://www.loc.gov/item/2016804160/

20241105_130124.jpg

8-Inch "180-Pounder" Muzzle Loading Rifle converted in 1877 from an 11-Inch Dahlgren originally cast in 1863. When it was donated to Lambertville, New Jersey circa 1900, it was said to have come from USS Richmond. This is the only weapon aboard which might have been able to make an impression upon the steel hulled ships of the 1880s. Read more about this cannon and find additional photos here: https://www.santee1821.net/preserve...zzle-loading-rifle-of-lambertville-new-jersey

NH 69794.jpeg

USS Richmond in the last years of her career. The extra-wide port of the 8-Inch Pivot Rifle can be seen forward of the funnel - matching the tracks on the deck of previous photos. NHHC Photo: https://www.history.navy.mil/conten.../nhhc-series/nh-series/NH-69000/NH-69794.html

The full post can be found here: https://www.santee1821.net/preserved-artillery/sunday-aboard-uss-richmond-in-1890
 

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