Brigadier-General William E. Jones was born near Glade Spring,
Washington county, Va., in May, 1824. He was educated at
Emory and Henry college and at West Point, and began service
in the United States army with the rank of brevet second
lieutenant in the class of 1848.
In 1847 he had received from Emory and Henry college the
degree of master of arts. His connection with the old army
continued until his resignation in 1857, he then having the
rank of first lieutenant, mounted rifles.
During this period he first served in Missouri and Kansas,
marched to Oregon in 1849, remained there and in Washington
Territory until 1851, and after that was mainly on duty in
Texas. After his retirement he was engaged in farming in his
native county until 1861.
Upon the passage of the ordinance of secession he had ready a
company of cavalry, the Washington Mounted Rifles, with which
he joined Stuart in the Valley and took part in the First
Manassas campaign. At this time Gen. J. E. Johnston declared
that his company was the strongest in the First Virginia
cavalry regiment, "not surpassed in discipline and spirit by
any in the army," and recommended that Stuart be given brigade
command and that Jones, "skillful, brave and zealous in a very
high degree, " should succeed to the colonelcy, with Fitzhugh
Lee as lieutenant-colonel.
Consequently he became colonel of the First, upon the
organization of Stuart's brigade, and in the spring of 1862
was intrusted by Stuart with important duties in watching the
enemy from the Blue ridge to the Potomac. He was watchful and
vigorous and made the enemy feel his presence.
Soon afterward, being displaced by a regimental election, he
was assigned to the Seventh regiment, Robertson's brigade.
Rejoining Stuart in August he was distinguished in the Second
Manassas campaign, his regiment fighting splendidly at Brandy
Station, and winning commendation on several other occasions.
He participated in the raid around McClellan's army following
the battle of Sharpsburg, and on November 8th, having been
promoted brigadier-general, was assigned to command of
Robertson's, or the "Laurel brigade," largely composed of the
men who followed Ashby in the valley.
December 29th he was assigned to command of the Valley
district, including his brigade and all other troops operating
in that region, being selected for this post by Stonewall
Jackson. With the co-operation of General Imboden he made, in
April and May, 1863, a very successful raid upon the Baltimore
& Ohio railroad west of Cumberland, destroying an immense
amount of public and railroad property.
Then joining Stuart with his splendid brigade, he bore the
first shock, and both in morning and evening the brunt of
battle, in the famous cavalry fight of Brandy Station, June 9,
1863, his brigade ending the fight with more horses and more
and better smallarms than at the beginning, and capturing two
regimental colors, a battery of three pieces and about 250
prisoners.
During the advance of Lee into Pennsylvania, Jones, who had
been pronounced by Stuart "the best outpost officer" in the
cavalry, was depended upon mainly to cover the rear and flank
of the army. He defeated a Federal cavalry regiment at
Fairfield, Pa., and after the retreat of Lee was begun pushed
forward rapidly to protect the wagon trains of Ewell's
division.
Hurrying on with his staff on the night of July 4th, he found
Emack's Maryland company with one gun, holding at bay a
Federal division, with only half the train gone by. He joined
in the desperate fight in person and with his companions until
his command was scattered by a charge of cavalry. Separated
from his followers, he made his way alone to Williamsport and
organized all the men he could gather in the confusion for the
defense of the place before the arrival of Imboden.
Then, with half a dozen companies, he made his way through the
enemy's lines to his command, and returned with it to
participate in the attacks on Kilpatrick at Hagerstown and on
Buford at Williamsport. During the campaign, he reported, his
brigade fought in three battles and the affair at Boonsboro,
and captured over 600 prisoners.
Soon afterward an unfortunate break in his relations with
General Stuart, which had existed since the fall of 1861,
became so intensified as to have serious results. Col. O. R.
Funsten was given temporary command of the brigade, and on
October 9th General Jones was ordered to report for duty in
south west Virginia.
There he organized an excellent cavalry brigade, with which he
co-operated with Longstreet in east Tennessee, and in November
defeated the enemy near Rogersville. At Saltville, Va., in
May, 1864, with Gen. John H. Morgan, he foiled Averell's
designs against that post, defeated the Federals at
Wytheville, and pursued them to Dublin.
On May 23rd he was assigned to command of the department of
Southwest Virginia in the absence of General Breckinridge. It
was at that moment a position of great importance, as the
district was in a turmoil on account of the incursions of
Averell and Crook and Sigel, and Hunter was preparing to
advance on Lynchburg.
Early in June three strong columns of the enemy were marching
against him, and he made a stand with his own brigade,
Imboden's and Vaughn's before Hunter, at Piedmont. In the
desperate fight which followed, June 5th, he was killed and
his body fell into the hands of the enemy.
Source: Confederate Military History, vol. IV, p. 616
Brigadier-General John D. Imboden, at the time of the passage
of the ordinance of secession of Virginia, was a resident of
Staunton, in the Valley. He had been a candidate for a seat in
the convention, but was defeated by the candidate of the Union
party.
The policy he advocated was independent secession, and the
maintenance of an independent State which could mediate between
the North and South and lead in the formation of a new Union,
with local rights more clearly defined. Holding the position
of captain of the Staunton artillery, a natural leader, and
influential among the younger men, he at once took an important
part in the action which secured Harper's Ferry to the State.
He was called to Richmond a day or two before the ordinance was
passed, and with other commanders of volunteer companies, under
the leadership of ex-Governor Wise, arranged for a
concentration of State forces at Harper's Ferry as soon as the
action of the convention could be surely predicted.
He called out his company by telegraph, and at sunrise
following the momentous day, April 17th, was with his command
at Manassas. He and other young and enthusiastic leaders were
the forerunners of the spirit which was to dominate Virginia
for four years, but at that moment they were coldly received by
the majority of the people, not yet aroused.
Proceeding to Harper's Ferry, he equipped his battery partly at
his private expense, his men making caissons from carts found
at the armory. Under the command of Col. T. J. Jackson he was
posted at the Potomac bridge at Point of Rocks, and by the
order of that afterward famous commander, captured and sent to
Winchester a number of Baltimore & Ohio railroad trains.
After the organization of the army in the Valley under General
Johnston, he was attached to Bee's brigade, with which the
Staunton artillery went into the battle at Manassas, July 21st,
1861. He was just in time to take a good position near the
Henry house as the Federal attack fell upon the Confederate
flank, and immediately became engaged with the famous batteries
of Ricketts and Griffin.
For half an hour after the Confederate infantry were driven
across Young's branch, Imboden's battery fought alone, finally
retiring and taking a new position supported by Stonewall
Jackson, where it was in action until the ammunition was
exhausted.
Subsequently Captain Imboden, Lieut.-Col. Robert B. Lee and
Maj. W. L. Cabell constituted a board of investigation, which
reported in explanation of the failure to pursue McDowell to
Washington that the food and transportation were inadequate.
During Jackson's Valley campaign, 1862, Imboden, with a
commission as colonel, was engaged in organizing a command at
Staunton. In charge of artillery and cavalry detachments, he
held a bridge at Mount Crawford during the battle of Cross
Keys, and participated in the battle of Port Republic.
When Jackson left for Richmond, Imboden's little force;
Robertson's cavalry and Chew's battery, were left in the
Valley, and Imboden continued the organization of his force
there and in the mountain counties. H is command was known as
the First Virginia partisan rangers, under the orders of
General Jackson, but early in 1863 it was mustered in as the
Eighteenth Virginia cavalry.
In January, 1863, General Lee wrote him: "I hope you will meet
with speedy success in filling up your command to a brigade,
when I shall take great pleasure in recommending your
promotion. " He was soon afterward promoted to brigadier-
general, and the Twenty-fifth, Thirty-first and Sixty-second
Virginia infantry, and McClanahan's battery, were assigned to
his command, for operations in northwest Virginia and the
Valley, reporting directly to Gen. Robert E. Lee.
With this force he made a successful expedition in northwest
Virginia in April and May. During the Gettysburg campaign he
raided on the left flank of Lee's army, and on the retreat his
services were of great value.
General Lee attached to his command eight guns of the famous
Washington artillery, Major Eshelman, and other artillery. He
made a splendid fight at Williamsport, holding out against the
attack of 7,000 men until Fitzhugh Lee came up, saving the
trains and the wounded of Lee's army.
On July 21st General Imboden was assigned to command of the
Valley district, Stonewall Jackson's old district. When
General Lee made his Bristoe campaign of October, 1863, Imboden
was instructed to advance down the Valley and guard the
mountain passes.
He captured the garrison at Charlestown on the 18th, for which
he was complimented by Lee. Early in May, 1864, he marched
from Mount Crawford to meet the invasion under Sigel, and held
the Federals in check until, reinforced by Breckinridge, the
successful battle of New Market was fought.
Breckinridge being called again to Lee, Imboden's small command
was pushed back to Mount Crawford, where he was reinforced by
Vaughn, and W. E. Jones took command, to meet with serious
defeat at Piedmont.
General Imboden then, in command of his own, Jackson's and
McCausland's brigades, fought Hunter's advance until Early came
to Lynchburg. Subsequently he participated in the advance upon
Washington, and Early's campaign against Sheridan, and was on
duty in the Valley until the close of hostilities.
Source: Confederate Military History, vol. IV, p. 608 |