Chattanooga Grant at Chattanooga.

wausaubob

Brev. Brig. Gen'l
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Snowy day here in Denver, so it might be a good day for this attempt. By the time Grant made it to Chattanooga he had consulted in person with the Sec'y of War and visited with Governor Johnson in Nashville. Whether Robert Allen in Louisville and Slocum in Nashville reported to their department commander is unknown.
On the way to Chatanooga he had a briefing with Rosecrans, Howard reported to Grant as did Hooker also after some delay.
Grant rode over the tortuous mountain path from Bridgeport to the north bank of the Tennessee River opposite Chatanooga. Neither Thomas, nor Hooker had to make that ride, and the shorter route from Kelly's Ferry to Chattanooga was available by the time Sherman was in Tennessee. Maybe Grant had the best information about the operational situation and the strategic objective and should not have been second guessed by Cumberland advocates after the war/
It seems to me that Grant concluded if the mountain road had kept the US army from retreating or surrendering, the Cracker Line route which eliminated most of the wagon miles should have been good enough.
Grant was impatient. He was finding that with rank came responsibility and at Chatanooga he was reporting to Stanton and Lincoln as much as to Halleck.
As to the two big controversies, Sherman's so called failed attack and whether the attack on Missionary Ridge was directed by Grant, my suggestion is different.
There was often some gap between Grant's written orders and the verbal discussions. He often suggested possibilities that had to be investigated on the field of battle. With respect to Sherman's force extending to the east and forcing Bragg to attack or retreat to protect his communications, it seems so obvious tha Thomas, Grant and Sherman had to have discussed it. Thomas was against that move. He wanted to strengthen US control of the RR, not strike at the Confederate RR. But since Grant did create a small eastward cavalry raid to Cleveland, a following infantry movement in the same direction would be typical tactics for Grant. I think with respect to the attack on Missionary Ridge, Grant and Thomas were surprised to see more than a light picket line evacuate the Confederate rifle pits/trenches. Grant. Thomas and the corps commander Granger were right where they were supposed to be. Orders to come off the ridge were reversed within minutes. That suggests to me that the conditions for a full assault on the ridge were developing quickly. The soldiers may have anticipated the generals by a few minutes. But it may have also have been the case that the soldiers in Sheridan's and Johnson's divisions could hear the progress to their right, just as they had seen the US flag displayed on the peak of Lookout Mountain. The soldiers may have had better information that the commanders. Grant took a chance on not trying to control the battle too tightly, and in that instance it paid off.
 
Snowy day here in Denver, so it might be a good day for this attempt. By the time Grant made it to Chattanooga he had consulted in person with the Sec'y of War and visited with Governor Johnson in Nashville. Whether Robert Allen in Louisville and Slocum in Nashville reported to their department commander is unknown.
On the way to Chatanooga he had a briefing with Rosecrans, Howard reported to Grant as did Hooker also after some delay.
Grant rode over the tortuous mountain path from Bridgeport to the north bank of the Tennessee River opposite Chatanooga. Neither Thomas, nor Hooker had to make that ride, and the shorter route from Kelly's Ferry to Chattanooga was available by the time Sherman was in Tennessee. Maybe Grant had the best information about the operational situation and the strategic objective and should not have been second guessed by Cumberland advocates after the war/
It seems to me that Grant concluded if the mountain road had kept the US army from retreating or surrendering, the Cracker Line route which eliminated most of the wagon miles should have been good enough.
Grant was impatient. He was finding that with rank came responsibility and at Chatanooga he was reporting to Stanton and Lincoln as much as to Halleck.
As to the two big controversies, Sherman's so called failed attack and whether the attack on Missionary Ridge was directed by Grant, my suggestion is different.
There was often some gap between Grant's written orders and the verbal discussions. He often suggested possibilities that had to be investigated on the field of battle. With respect to Sherman's force extending to the east and forcing Bragg to attack or retreat to protect his communications, it seems so obvious tha Thomas, Grant and Sherman had to have discussed it. Thomas was against that move. He wanted to strengthen US control of the RR, not strike at the Confederate RR. But since Grant did create a small eastward cavalry raid to Cleveland, a following infantry movement in the same direction would be typical tactics for Grant. I think with respect to the attack on Missionary Ridge, Grant and Thomas were surprised to see more than a light picket line evacuate the Confederate rifle pits/trenches. Grant. Thomas and the corps commander Granger were right where they were supposed to be. Orders to come off the ridge were reversed within minutes. That suggests to me that the conditions for a full assault on the ridge were developing quickly. The soldiers may have anticipated the generals by a few minutes. But it may have also have been the case that the soldiers in Sheridan's and Johnson's divisions could hear the progress to their right, just as they had seen the US flag displayed on the peak of Lookout Mountain. The soldiers may have had better information that the commanders. Grant took a chance on not trying to control the battle too tightly, and in that instance it paid off.
Grant at Chattanooga is confusing. And Grant was either confused in his version of events then or later. He tells Washington that there aren't enough horses then criticizes Thomas in the next paragraph for saying there aren't enough horses.
 
According to Weber, Northern Railroads During the Civil War, full logistical support to Chattanooga was not restored until some date in January 1864. The delay probably cost Anderson his job and moved McCallum out of Washington to Nashville.
As @rbasin , in writing to superiors Grant had to explain the problems. In speaking to subordinants Grant had to be seeking solutions.
 
Your analysis that Grant was the only one to recognize the river or the RR as the solution to the Cracker Line is Silly. Rosecrans had ordered Paddle Wheel Steamers back in August/September. Rosecrans hired Contractors to rebuild the RR Bridge at Bridgeport. The Trestle at Whiteside Was being rebuilt. Pontoons were being made in Chattanooga before Grant got there. The mobility for Hookers Troops was being fulfilled. Grant Gratuitously said Rosecrans had a plan, why had he not executed it. He had to know better. Grant was being Grant

Grant also blamed Thomas for Sherman's mistakes. Blamed the AOC for the condition of their animals. War might of had something to do with it.

Grant, Sherman, Thomas and Rosecrans personal relationships is a fantastic study. Got to love the Grant Worshippers.
 
Grant was the only one, other than possibly Rosecrans, that had to ride the north side wagon trace to the north bank of the Tennessee opposite Chattanooga. Eliminating most of those wagon miles meant the railroad to Bridgeport did not have to haul as much grain and forage, nor replacement mules. That didn't fix the situation, though it was an improvement.
Implementing Rosecrans' plan was only part of the solution.
The entire Kentucky and Tennessee railroad system back to Louisville and Covington was not adequate to support the collected US armies.
Guthrie's objections had to be swept aside. Grant eventually fired Anderson. McCallum took over. Andrew Johnson did get the railroad from Johnsonville to Nashville which diverted some traffic from the railroad, before the line was wrecked by Hood.
Rosecrans was never able to convince Stanton that the Kentucky/Tennessee logistics were problematic. Stanton thought Rosecrans was stalling. But the upshot was that Meigs went to Chattanooga. McCallum took over the RRs. Allen moved from St. Louis to Louisville and Governor Johnson got his alternative route into Nashville.
Rosecrans' idea of building steamers on the middle Tennessee was a good idea. But also was going to hurt railroad revenue.
 
... With respect to Sherman's force extending to the east and forcing Bragg to attack or retreat to protect his communications...
the plan for Sherman prior would put him east of Bragg's front line as of Nov 23 and would threaten Bragg's communications.
Sherman's movement caused forced Bragg to make a lot changes in the 23-25th time frame to protect his communications.
I made this sketch of movements between the morning of the 24th and morning of the 25th on the eastern side of the battlefield. Blue arrow is Shermans' force. Each red arrow represents a confederate brigade.
nov24.jpg
 
the plan for Sherman prior would put him east of Bragg's front line as of Nov 23 and would threaten Bragg's communications.
Sherman's movement caused forced Bragg to make a lot changes in the 23-25th time frame to protect his communications.
I made this sketch of movements between the morning of the 24th and morning of the 25th on the eastern side of the battlefield. Blue arrow is Shermans' force. Each red arrow represents a confederate brigade.
View attachment 460309
Which might have caused Sherman to be concerned with Thomas' plan. Why wasn't Sherman being allowed to move east across the creek? Why wasn't Grant allowing Sherman to wait until Osterhaus joined him? And Sherman must have wondered where was the hardtack and salted beef his men would need to campaign for multiple days?
Grant may have been satisfied with Sherman just being there. And in December 1863, Grant was satisfied with Hooker's accomplishments also.
The change in the history of the battle seems to have followed the plan to bring Schofield back from Missouri, which denied Hooker an independent command. By February and March 1864 it became likely that Sherman was going to replace Grant and McPherson would replace Sherman. That's when Hooker renewed his insubordination.
 
The change in the history of the battle seems to have followed the plan to bring Schofield back from Missouri, which denied Hooker an independent command. By February and March 1864 it became likely that Sherman was going to replace Grant and McPherson would replace Sherman. That's when Hooker renewed his insubordination.
Not sure what Schofield (who replaced Burnside) has to do with Hooker's situation
I remember complaints about Hooker earlier than that but dont have the reference handy
Also not sure what you mean by "change in the history of the battle"
 
Not sure what Schofield (who replaced Burnside) has to do with Hooker's situation
I remember complaints about Hooker earlier than that but dont have the reference handy
Also not sure what you mean by "change in the history of the battle"
Didn't Schofield replace Foster in Jan 1864?
Grant never seemed upset that Hooker was pushed back at Rossville, in 1864. But when Hooker tried to take credit for everything that happened om Missionary Ridge, that seemed to draw Grant's attention and the fued seemed to escalate from there.
Maybe General Hooker realized he was on the same career path as Rosecrans and Hooker resented it. He also resented Howard being his equal and then his superior.
 
The timing of Hooker's report and the extravagant claims contained in it indicate that Hooker was back to his eastern ways. He misjudged how much support Grant had in Congress and in the cabinet.
 
The history became that the US soldiers spontaneously attacked the top of Missionary Ridge. That minimize Hooker's achievements.
But reality was probably otherwise.
When the US flag went up on Lookout Mountain on the morning of 11/25, most men on both sides knew the siege was over. The effec on morale was important. When Osterhaus got into position, with Cruft's and Geary's divisions guiding on Osterhaus, veteran soldiers on both sides could hear what was happening. It should not have been a surprise that the attenuated Confederate left disintegrated
 

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