Drewry's Bluff

White Flint Bill

Sergeant
Joined
Oct 9, 2017
Location
Southern Virginia
I took this photo in August. I wish I'd taken more, but this illustrates how the position of the Confederate batteries dominated the James River below. No Federal gunboats were going to pass here.

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Great images. It's been years since I've been there.

You need an 8-10 foot ladder to really get a good photo of the gun that overlooks the James River. I tried to duplicate the National Park Service image and discovered that I didn't have the height.
 
Definitely a great site, defensively. Look at that angle down on the river and that nice straight stretch of water coming right at the bluff... put sharpshooters on the bank to keep Union gun crews away from gunports (which is what they did), and it's almost the proverbial shooting fish in a barrel.
 
I grew up a short distance from Drewrys Bluff, and frequented there often over the decades when I still lived in that area. One of the other neighboring river batteries was on our farm. Drewrys is part of the Richmond NPS Park system.

Has been interesting watching the park evolve over the many years. The entry trail path in use today was once the side service entrance. There was once a river trail that went through the deep ravine on the south side of the fort, that one could take to go down to the waters edge. It lasted a couple years, then they finally closed it off again. The wooden fencing on the river side has been moved a few times. The fort sits on a 90 foot bluff.. which has been steadily eroding over the years. Originally the fort had four of the big caliber guns facing the river... three inside the fort.. another placed just north of it... The location of the three other gun emplacements is half or nearly gone now due to natural erosion of the cliff. The fence is to try to keep folks away from it. The edge is unstable and near vertical drop. Every few years they will cut back the vegetation that frequently hampers the view of the river.. Not an easy task since in most sections its growing on the cliff face and edge.

The gun present is an original Confederate 8in Columbiad-Rodman cast in early 1862 at Belona Foundry. It is identified and known to have been one of the three original 8in guns from the fort, but which gun emplacement it actually sat in is not known. Post war the confiscated CS guns were sent and stored at Vicksburg. NPS later identified several of the guns there as having came from Drewrys. This one was returned and put on display sometime prior to the CW centennial cycle. At least two of the other guns are still in Vicksburg. I was once there and found one of the other 8in guns and the single 10" Columbiad that was there... commonly known as Capt. Tuckers gun. Back during the Centennial era they actually used to fire this gun doing demo's... Which sometimes included firing some form of a plaster projectile down river... As the legend has it... at one demo they fired one of those... and suddenly a speed boat came around the bend of the river in the distance... and it missed hitting the boat by about 6 feet.. Needless to say it was never fired again... Back about in the early 1980's the barbette carriage was in poor shape and needed to be replaced. The gun was sat off to the side on RR timbers for several months while a new carriage was being built. While this was going on they decided to x-ray the gun tube. Discovered it has a crack in the tube on top from the vent to the muzzle, but its not visible looking at it. Good thing they stopped firing it when they did.

Despite the location being hard to find for many.. Few have ever really heard of the place. It has a rather interesting history. The river engagement took place on May 15th 1862... Amongst the Federal flotilla that attacked the fort was the USS Monitor, about two months after its famous engagement at Hampton Roads. Interestingly amongst the forts defenders was many of the crew and gunners from the former CSS Virginia/Merrimac. One has to wonder what thoughts they had finding the opportunity to engage that vessel again. However it was quickly discovered the Monitor to not be of much use in the exchange since it was not able to elevate its guns high enough to return fire at the fort, so spent much of the engagement attempting to screen the USS Galena that was getting hammered pretty bad.

On May 16th 1864; the land battle bearing the same namesake took place just south of the fort, as part of the Bermuda Hundred Campaign, just prior to the Petersburg Campaign. It was also the site of the Confederate Naval Training Academy... Using the CSS Patrick Henry as its training vessel moored nearby. One of the few locations that contingency's of every branch of service was co-located at the same place at the same time. The supporting encampment quickly evolved into a small city of sorts. The location of which is outside of the NPS proper. It was frequently used as a bivouac and staging area for troops passing through the area. It was a regular stop of the river passenger packet boats. Many of the local civilian population would find it of social accord to go visit the place. The fort remained in operation till the end. It was never taken by force. Finally abandoned when Petersburg and Richmond fell in April 1865.. The remaining vessels of the James River squadron were scuttled there near the fort, and still remain in the river within the viewing area from the fort.
 
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This story is told by Lt. Davis Constable aboard the U.S.S. Naugatuck. The Naugatuck was part of Commander Roger's Squadron that was sailing up the James River (May 15, 1862) to bombard the Confederate Capital, Richmond. Before they could though, they had to pass by Drewy's Bluff. Stationed at the bluff were soldiers and sailors (from the scuttled Virginia). Lt Constable tells of coming under fire:

"A rifle ball passed through my clothing and lodged in a hammock near me... At least three well-directed shots had been fired at me from one spot before I discovered where they came from. I then saw that they had been fired from a thick green bush about eighty yards from me. Once I even caught sight of the muzzle of a rifle as it protruded through the bush to aim at me, and twice I raised a rifle to my shoulder to aim at him, but he dropped out of sight in a twinkling. Finding that I must either shoot him or get shot myself, I tried another plan. I aimed one of our 12-pounders, loaded with canister, at the bush, and directed the captain of the gun to fire at the moment I raised my signal. I then took my former position and watched the bush closely. Sure enough, when the fellow saw me standing without a rifle in my hand he again thrust the muzzle of his gun through the bush, but before he could pull the trigger I raised my hand. 'Bang!' went the 12 pounder, and when the smoke cleared away, rebel, gun, [bush] and all had been destroyed."
 
Those are beautiful photos. I haven't been to many battlefields...one year, to accomodate a birthday wish to go see a few CW battlefields, my parents took me back East and we did visit Gettysburg, Antietam, Petersburg, and then Richmond to the White House of the Confederacy, but I only wish that I had taken far more pictures. A new goal is to visit battlefields in Tennessee ( and there are many) with my fiancee whose family has been in Tennessee for generations. Thank you also for all the information on Drewry's Bluff.:)
 

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