Bayonets: Blued or Bright?

I would be guessing as to intent, but the simplest explanation is that the blade was in the scabbard, protected from exposure to the air or moisture which would cause rust. Hence, only the socket and shoulder (the parts exposed to the elements) needed to be blued.
I'm thinking encased in leather, that undoubtedly got wet, just might be more of a corrosive setting then exposed to the air and could be wiped once and awhile. If left in the sheath, like a lot of revolvers left in holsters, the results would be unkind to the steel.
 
I've read, I don't recall where, that the idea for the blue on only the socket was two fold: one as that was the most handled part of the bayonet and that the steel & steel of the bayonet socket against the barrel would create rust issues. Seemed a bit questionable at the time and I don't pretend to know.
 
The US bayonets were not just "left in the white", they were highly polished, too. This served a two-fold purpose. The first of which is that highly polished steel is a bit more rust resistant than unpolished steel, because the polishing process actually worked a bit of oil into the structure of the steel. The second, and more important, reason for brightly polished bayonet blades is an intimidation factor for the enemy! If you are looking out towards your front and all you see is "Bayonets gleaming in the Sun" headed in your direction at a fast advance......It may give you pause to rethink your position! The whole appearance was intended to make the approaching troops look larger in number and as fearsome as possible.
J.
 
I remember reading while doing research on the Luddites (I am one...no i-pad for me) that the British Army would disperse a crowd by "reading them the Riot Act" and fixing bayonets. As part of the motion of fixing bayonets, they would hold the bayonet overhead so the crowd could see them and the threat they represented. Often, that was enough to cause the mob to reconsider their actions and go home.
 
In the British Army of the early days the Bayonet was considered to be a sidearm, and was to have a sharp point with one edge also sharpened for cutting purposes. I read a late 1700's personal account by a British soldier who said when they were put on patrol in town they were issued Bayonets to take with them to be used as their sidearms. He also said they patrolled in pairs. Which brings me back to ACW bayonets, many of which I have seen have also been sharpened. Camp use, or post war modification, hard to tell. I have also seen a few which have had barbs filed into the tip ends much like frog or fish gigs.
J.
 
In the British Army of the early days the Bayonet was considered to be a sidearm, and was to have a sharp point with one edge also sharpened for cutting purposes. I read a late 1700's personal account by a British soldier who said when they were put on patrol in town they were issued Bayonets to take with them to be used as their sidearms. He also said they patrolled in pairs. Which brings me back to ACW bayonets, many of which I have seen have also been sharpened. Camp use, or post war modification, hard to tell. I have also seen a few which have had barbs filed into the tip ends much like frog or fish gigs.
J.

In WWII the German sitengwehr (literally, sidearm) was the bayonet, and a soldat was permitted to wear one when leaving his kasserne (barracks) and going into town for personal protection but mainly just for looks. However, on active campaign once the shooting war started, with the capture of Paris many photos show off-duty German "tourists" seeing the sights of the French capital, all faithfully wearing only their bayonets.
 
The other thing about bayonets, and I am not trying to hi-jack the thread here, is that their use and effectiveness has been grossly understated in the modern revisionist thinking about Civil War battlefield injuries. You know...the whole mythology about how bayonets were rarely used as weapons and mostly served as meat skewers for camp-kabobs and/or candlestick holders. The backing for this is generally the lack of medical records for bayonet wounds in field hospital records. I have always believed that the reason for that is not that they were not in use, but rather that those wounded by bayonets never made it to a field hospital for their injuries to be recorded. They bled out on the battlefield. Perhaps if burial details made records about cause of death, we would have found just how effective the bayonet still was in close quarter fighting as a weapon, even a weapon of last resort. Sam Watkins noted in his memoirs (Company Aytch) the following: "We expected to be ordered into action every moment and kept seesawing backward and forward, until I did not know which way the Yankees were or which way the Rebels. We would form line of battle, charge bayonets, and would raise a whoop and yell, expecting to be dashed against the Yankee lines."

To be sure, bayonets had a variety of alternate uses, however there are a great many period accounts of their use in battle.
 
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Bayonets made good can openers, I guess they were supposed to instill fear into the enemy. The gleam of bayonets, flashing bayonets in the sun. Something to fear at close range, if the fight came to it. I am sure some died of bayonet wounds in the field. Some would have made it to field hospitals. One man in the 37th Mass. who awarded the MOH for Saylor's Creek in the act of saving the regimental adjutant he was attacked by a man with man who pinned him to the ground by a bayonet, he managed to work the lever on his rifle, insert a round in his Spencer and kill the man with the bayonet. He pulled the bayonet from his chest, saved the adjutant. He was a man who had a bayonet wound and survived.
 
Some mid-18th century drill manuals have a motion during "fix bayonets" in which the bayonet is brought from the scabbard and held at arms length before fixing it on th barrel. Very similar to that "Riot Act" motion. I believe, during the Civil War, that infantry on duty were to be wearing as a minimum the waistbelt and bayonet, but I can't remember why I think that. Also, it was fashionable in the German army to have a "walking out" bayonet: a dress bayonet for duty wear, often with a sword knot like a short sword.
 
G.I.'s usually carried a knife of some kind, but mostly they carried pistols of all types. Not taking away from bayonets, but they are pretty good as candle holders, entrenching tools and the like.
 

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