"I Have No Brigade"

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Maj. James W. Ratchford, adjutant general of Stephen D. Lee's staff, describes an encounter with Brig. Gen. William F. Brantley shortly after the fighting at Franklin had ended:

"After the firing had ceased, about midnight, I was sent along our corps front with orders from General Lee to the Brigadiers and Major-Generals to get ready for a renewal of the fight at daylight. … I found General Brantley, who had commanded a Mississippi brigade, sitting almost stupefied on the ground near the line of battle. I gave him the order, but he seemed not to hear me. I put my hand on his shoulder and tried to rouse him, repeating the instructions for his brigade. He mumbled, 'I have no brigade.' I asked him where the men were, and he replied, 'They're all dead.' I said, 'Surely not all,' and added that if he did not make some effort to get his men together, I would be compelled to report it to General Lee. He roused himself then and said, 'I'll see if there are any left.' … The next morning he had gathered up about two hundred men – all that remained of a whole brigade that went into the fight."

- Memoirs of a Confederate Staff Officer from Bethel to Bentonville edited by Evelyn Ratchford Sieburg and James E. Hansen II


Brantley's Brigade had lost 76 killed, 140 wounded, 21 missing at Franklin, which was more than any other brigade in Johnson's Division and was about 40% of the entire division's loss. Brantley's Brigade consisted of the 24-27th, 29th-30th, and 34th Mississippi Infantry. The brigade was one of the four in Maj. Gen. Edward Johnson's Division that was sent into battle at 7:00 p.m. (after dark) to hit the Federal right and support those of Cheatham's Corps. However, when they reached the field almost nothing was left of Cheatham's Corps except for the dead and wounded in front of the works; the survivors had either withdrawn or surrendered.

Brantley's Brigade was initially positioned behind Sharp's Brigade, but was moved up to the front line. As they neared the Federal line there was a blinding flash as the Yanks let loose a volley that ripped through their ranks. All brigade commanders of the division except for Brantley were wounded in the attack, leaving many leaderless and confused. Still, those who managed to reach the ditch in front of the Federal earthworks fought viciously. Some jumped over the works and fought hand-to-hand, and the Mississippians of Sharp's Brigade managed to capture three stands of colors.

Eventually the attack was called off by Johnson and the men made their way back individually if they could. Johnson's assault, ordered by Hood, was a worthless attempt. By 7:00 p.m. the initial attacks by Cheatham's and Stewart's Corps had already failed, and Johnson's Division could barely make their way through the dark. The division suffered 587 casualties in the assault with three of four brigade commanders wounded. The only success they could claim was sheer bravery and the colors they had captured.


Wm%20Felix%20Brantley1860.jpg

A tintype of William F. Brantley.
http://msgw.org/webster/genwfbrantley.html

 
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A first hand account of the battle by George W. Leavell of the 41st Mississippi, Sharp's Brigade, Johnson's Division.
Confederate Veteran magazine, Vol. 10, pages 500-501

"We were ordered to omit the usual 'yell,' conceal our approach under cover of darkness and make a spirited dash for the works. My own path lay through the north edge of the famed 'locust grove.' Our progress was retarded by the brush which had been cut down. We clambered over, pulled through, or crawled under on hands and knees. … We reached the works just a little to the left of the Carter brick dwelling. … When we came to the works we found the enemy there to greet us. At once there was a fierce struggle across the embankment as to which should hold the ground. Our approach under cover of darkness had somewhat favored us. ...

"Our first clash was a fierce struggle across the works, at the very muzzles of our guns. … The enemy in our immediate front were forced back, and the flag of the 41st Mississippi Regiment was borne across the works to the pursuit some distance to the front, a squad of us aligning ourselves with our colors. … The rally for an advance was not general, and we returned under cover of the embankment. The enemy again returned to contest for the works. … There was a brief but fierce clash again, and another shout for an advance. Captain Spooner … mounted the works and walked to and fro, waving his sword and encouraging the men. His symmetric form could be seen through the darkness by the light from the perpetual flash of our guns. …

"Some one – I think it was Ensign (E.L.) Russell – assisted me … to bring a cartouch of ammunition, left by the enemy, across to our side. This gave us an abundant supply of ammunition, and we settled down to a steady fusillade to our front and left. … To our left … the other side of the ditch was filled with bluecoats just a few rods from us. … We could shelter under the works and pour an enfilade fire down their line. This was too much for them and one desperate effort after another was made by them to force their up the ditch to our immediate front. As we poured our deadly fire down their line, we could distinctly hear the death groan and agonizing cries of the wounded. … The contest was thus continued for hours – it seemed an age, and we began to feel ourselves in great straits. We had been long without orders, not the voice of a commanding officer could be heard. We were hard pressed. What should we do? At this time, in an interval between the onslaughts, Capt. John Reed called a few heads together to decide whether we should hold out, retreat, or surrender. The decision was to fight to the bitter end.

"Late along toward midnight, as the firing began to slacken, … a bright flame broke out down in the town. We supposed they were evacuating, and burning what they could not carry away. … Every object was brought distinctly to view between us and this light. … I saw a fellow pushing down a cartridge, saw the ramrod. I leveled my rifle till the outline darkened the sight and fired. I feel sure the ball he pushed never whistled by a Rebel's ear to make him dodge. …

"After this it became apparent that the enemy were not so aggressive. The firing slackened. There were intervals of dead silence to be broken again by the crack of the rifles. … A death-like silence was pervading the hush of night … when a clear voice from one of our watchmen rang out: 'Look at that Yankee right there!' Pop! pop! pop! rang out a number of rifles. With the stealth of an Indian he had designed to creep upon us and give us a farewell shot, and was discovered within a few yards of our line. His life paid the forfeit of his folly."
 
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