Another popular star of the day that was a pioneer in women's theatrics, though not an immigrant in the literal sense, was little Lotta Crabtree, darling of the mining camps during the California Gold Rush of the 1850's. Eight-year-old Lotta and her mother were abandoned by her gold-seeking father in California, and when their mercantile business/boarding house grew steadily insolvent, young Lotta began to perform in saloons and other venues, singing and dancing a'la the later Shirley Temple for nuggets, sacks of dust, and coins thrown on their makeshift stages. Eventually, this led to ever-more-professional appearances in larger towns and cities like Sacramento and San Francisco. Sometime after the war, Lotta and her manager mother relocated to the east coast where she finally retired in New York City. When Lotta died there after the turn of the century, she left a fortune estimated at four million dollars to charity.