Howard Michael Madaus was the godfather of Confederate vexillology. His groundbreaking book, The Battle Flags of the Confederate Army of Tennessee (Illustrated by Robert D. Needham-- 1976), set the standard for the field. Among his other publishd works are Rebel Flags Afloat: A Survey of the Surviving Flags of the Confederate States Navy, Revenue Service, and Merchant Marine (1986); The Flags of the Iron Brigade (co-authored with Dr. Richard Zeitlin-- 1997); and Confederate Rifles & Muskets (co-authoried with Dr. John M. Murphy-- 1996). Additionally, he has contributed to such works as Encyclopedia of the Confederacy (1993) and Civil War Journal: The Legacies (1999). From 1968 to 1992 he served as Assistant Curator and then Associate Curator of arms and military collections of the Milwaukee Public Museum, and from 1992 until 1999 he was the Curator of the Cody Firearms Museum of the Buffalo Bill Historical Center. From 2000 through 2003 he was the Chief Curator of The National Civil War Museum in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. From 2003 to 2007 he served as the prime historian and analyst of "Old Glory" Flag Consultants, L.L.C. in Cody, Wyoming --a partnership devoted to the authentication (but not appraisal) of 19th century American flags, especially those of the American Civil War. He passed away on Saturday 11 July 2007.