Every maker patented the features that were unique to their pistols. Colt did not "have all the patents," and did not "set the standards." Colt was very protective of their patents and sued any maker that copied one of their patents, so there was no "patent evasion technology." Each maker developed their own designs, independent of Colt. "No under barrel rammer" HUH?? Almost every revolver had an under barrel loading lever! S&W did not patent the bored through cylinder chambers, Rollin White did, and sold the patent to S&W. You need to get new reference sources because the ones you have now are incorrect!!