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Today's vegetarians may well know that a diet excluding meat in not a new idea. It was actually considered a diet choice before the 19th century. Likely before the 19th century the main argument for a vegetarian diet was a moral one, but by the mid-19th century there was an organized movement focused around vegetarianism for good health. Health was one of the great obsessions of our Victorian friends and for good reason. There were frequent and devastating outbreaks of disease during the Victorian era. Our Victorian friends lived in fear of influenza, typhus and cholera and they faced the dreaded possibility of scarlet fever or typhoid.
Looking back there appears to be two lines of thought in support of vegetarianism in the 19th century. The first is medicinal. Many Victorians believed that a diet which excluded meat was better for general health and helped to avoid certain types of disease. They also believed certain vegetables had curative properties. The other line of thought remained the moral argument that it was immoral to kill and eat animals.
I found the passage below from Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management about the reasons people may have strayed from a vegetarian diet historically.
"Man, in his primitive state, lives upon roots and the fruits of the earth, until, by degrees, he is driven to seek for new means, by which his wants may be supplied and enlarged. He then becomes a hunter and a fisher. As his species increases, greater necessities come upon him, when he gradually abandons the roving life of the savage for the more stationary pursuits of the herdsman. These beget still more settled habits, when he begins the practice of agriculture, forms ideas of the rights of property, and has his own, both defined and secured. The forest, the stream, and the sea are now no longer his only resources for food. He sows and he reaps, pastures and breeds cattle, lives on the cultivated produce of his fields, and revels in the luxuries of the dairy; raises flocks for clothing, and assumes, to all intents and purposes, the habits of permanent life and the comfortable condition of a farmer."
Do you think this is true today? It does seem the more we expand and advance the more we feel we need and thus the more we seek.
"Corn Lady" by Lithographers Clay and Richmond, Buffalo, NY. 1880's.


