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- Jan 16, 2015
Ten medical officers (four surgeons and six assistant surgeons) were left behind to care for the wounded (at least 760) of the division who were unable to withstand the return journey. The doctors were assisted by four chaplains, three hospital stewards, and at least 90 other soldier nurses/attendants, and could draw upon ten days' worth of supplies and medicines. Surgeon John M. Hayes of the 26th Alabama was placed in overall charge.
Jacob Plank farm, located on the Fairfield Road just west of Marsh Creek, two and a half miles west-southwest of the town. About 500 wounded occupied the grounds during the battle, but only seventeen burials were recorded here, nine of them identified. All of the latter were from Junius Daniel's North Carolina brigade, with dates of death ranging from July 7 through July 26. This hospital may have been established on or about July 4, when the Confederate lines contracted to Seminary Ridge.
Jacob Hankey farm, located on both sides of the Mummasburg Road, two miles northwest of the town. Jacob died in 1860; at the time of the battle this farm extending over 230 acres may have been run by his son, P. D. W. "Dave" Hankey. A thousand or so wounded occupied the grounds during the battle, but only 39 burials were recorded here, principally from Daniel's and Alfred Iverson's brigades, with the dates of death ranging from July 1 to July 26. All three field officers of the 23rd North Carolina were treated here after being wounded on the first day – Col. Daniel H. Christie, Lt. Col. Robert D. Johnston, and Maj. Charles C. Blacknall. The Hankey family also sheltered and fed 30 or more neighbors during the battle, including the widow Hartzell, her two small children, and her young black maid of about 20 years of age. When a soldier threatened to take the maid south with the army, Mrs. Hartzell appealed to a senior Confederate officer, who promised the maid's safety if she assisted in cooking for his wounded men.
David Schriver (or Shriver) farm (the original house still stood as of a few years ago), located on the Mummasburg Road, two miles northwest of the town. About 800 wounded were reportedly treated here, including from Col. Edward A. O'Neal's brigade; it was in operation for about five weeks following the battle. Eleven graves were found there in the 1870s, although only five were still marked.
John S. Forney farm, located on the Mummasburg Road, one mile northwest of the town. It was likely a first aid station and collection point for the wounded before they could be moved further to the rear. Dead from the first day's fight were buried on this farm.
James J. Wills (William Job) farm, located between the Chambersburg Pike and Mummasburg Road likely also served as an aid station; it was just behind the battle line occupied by Daniel's brigade on July 1.
Moses McClean farm, especially the prominent red barn, north of the Mummasburg Road. It was similarly situated to serve as an aid station for O'Neal's and Stephen D. Ramseur's men on July 1. Several soldiers of the 5th Alabama were buried where they fell along the lane just south of the barn.
David Blocher farm, one mile due north of town on the Carlisle Road. It could have served as an aid station for George Doles' Georgia brigade on July 1. At least two burials were recorded here, including that of Lt. Col. David R. E. Winn of the 4th Georgia.
George Bushman farm, two a half miles south south-east of town. As the hospital of the Union Twelfth Corps, it treated about 125 Confederates who had fought on Culp's Hill, including men from the brigades of Daniel and O'Neal who were wounded on the morning of July 3.
Camp Letterman General Hospital, set up east of town in the latter part of July, immediately began accepting patients from both armies who had occupied the many temporary hospitals in the area.
Several other farms/residences behind the lines undoubtedly served as hospitals for wounded infantrymen and artillerymen of the division, including the Samuel A. Cobean and William Ross farms.
(Main sources: John Purifoy, Confederate Veteran, vol. 33, pp. 224-225; Rodes' Official Report; Greg Coco's A Vast Sea of Misery, and Gettysburg's Confederate Dead; The Colored Servantmaid, Battleground Adventures, by Clifton Johnson.)
Jacob Plank farm, located on the Fairfield Road just west of Marsh Creek, two and a half miles west-southwest of the town. About 500 wounded occupied the grounds during the battle, but only seventeen burials were recorded here, nine of them identified. All of the latter were from Junius Daniel's North Carolina brigade, with dates of death ranging from July 7 through July 26. This hospital may have been established on or about July 4, when the Confederate lines contracted to Seminary Ridge.
Jacob Hankey farm, located on both sides of the Mummasburg Road, two miles northwest of the town. Jacob died in 1860; at the time of the battle this farm extending over 230 acres may have been run by his son, P. D. W. "Dave" Hankey. A thousand or so wounded occupied the grounds during the battle, but only 39 burials were recorded here, principally from Daniel's and Alfred Iverson's brigades, with the dates of death ranging from July 1 to July 26. All three field officers of the 23rd North Carolina were treated here after being wounded on the first day – Col. Daniel H. Christie, Lt. Col. Robert D. Johnston, and Maj. Charles C. Blacknall. The Hankey family also sheltered and fed 30 or more neighbors during the battle, including the widow Hartzell, her two small children, and her young black maid of about 20 years of age. When a soldier threatened to take the maid south with the army, Mrs. Hartzell appealed to a senior Confederate officer, who promised the maid's safety if she assisted in cooking for his wounded men.
David Schriver (or Shriver) farm (the original house still stood as of a few years ago), located on the Mummasburg Road, two miles northwest of the town. About 800 wounded were reportedly treated here, including from Col. Edward A. O'Neal's brigade; it was in operation for about five weeks following the battle. Eleven graves were found there in the 1870s, although only five were still marked.
John S. Forney farm, located on the Mummasburg Road, one mile northwest of the town. It was likely a first aid station and collection point for the wounded before they could be moved further to the rear. Dead from the first day's fight were buried on this farm.
James J. Wills (William Job) farm, located between the Chambersburg Pike and Mummasburg Road likely also served as an aid station; it was just behind the battle line occupied by Daniel's brigade on July 1.
Moses McClean farm, especially the prominent red barn, north of the Mummasburg Road. It was similarly situated to serve as an aid station for O'Neal's and Stephen D. Ramseur's men on July 1. Several soldiers of the 5th Alabama were buried where they fell along the lane just south of the barn.
David Blocher farm, one mile due north of town on the Carlisle Road. It could have served as an aid station for George Doles' Georgia brigade on July 1. At least two burials were recorded here, including that of Lt. Col. David R. E. Winn of the 4th Georgia.
George Bushman farm, two a half miles south south-east of town. As the hospital of the Union Twelfth Corps, it treated about 125 Confederates who had fought on Culp's Hill, including men from the brigades of Daniel and O'Neal who were wounded on the morning of July 3.
Camp Letterman General Hospital, set up east of town in the latter part of July, immediately began accepting patients from both armies who had occupied the many temporary hospitals in the area.
Several other farms/residences behind the lines undoubtedly served as hospitals for wounded infantrymen and artillerymen of the division, including the Samuel A. Cobean and William Ross farms.
(Main sources: John Purifoy, Confederate Veteran, vol. 33, pp. 224-225; Rodes' Official Report; Greg Coco's A Vast Sea of Misery, and Gettysburg's Confederate Dead; The Colored Servantmaid, Battleground Adventures, by Clifton Johnson.)
Bringing the