To kick it off, found a few scant details about Anderson's activities after the war.
Think to understand the course of his largely unsuccessful postwar career, one needs to firstly appreciate that Anderson's only occupation (for 25 years) prior to the end of the war, was as a professional army officer.
When the war ended, the 45 years old Anderson returned to his ancestral homeplace, Home Crest, and attempted to plant and grow cotton at a nearby plantation over the next couple of years. The plantation failed because of his lack of agricultural knowledge/training and ended in his bankruptcy.
Following his plantation failure, over the next decade Anderson worked for the South Carolina Railroad, starting as a day laborer before being later promoted to the position of the Railroad's Camden agent. Apparently he was held responsible for the dishonesty of an employee, and consequently lost his job in 1878.
During his period of employment with the Railroad, his first wife died in 1872 (and he remarried in 1874).
Around early 1879, and in recognition of his previous military service, the State of South Carolina appointed him as a Phosphate Inspector, based at Beaufort. After only a few months in this job, however, Anderson died suddenly on June 25, 1879, from an attack of apoplexy (a stroke). He was supposedly struck down on his way home from work on a very hot day.