Trivia 3-24-17 Always First & Bonuses!

[Trivia Master]

What was the nickname of this famous unit in the Union Army, which had the following status:
First Brigade in the First Division in the First Corps

credit: @FarawayFriend

Bonus: Who Am I?
I graduated West Point, 3rd in my class, and entered the service as a 2nd Lieutenant in the Corps of Engineers. After a period as an assistant professor, I saw action in the Mexican War, served as aide-de-camp to a couple of illustrious Generals, and served in the Seminole War. I was, afterwards, promoted to Captain, but soon resigned to become president and patent holder. At the outbreak of the Civil War, I enlisted at the rank of Major, but because of my knowledge of chemistry, I was quickly promoted to Lieut. Colonel. My efforts led to the creation of a new bureau. After the war, I became a professor and Dean of a Medical College. Who am I? What was the name of my pertinent 1861 publication, containing fewer than a dozen pages?

credit: @lelliott19

Ami's birthday (tomorrow) bonus! It's party time excellent!

What am I and who created me? "The Four Element Code"

credit: @JOHN42768

 

[kholland]

Iron Brigade

Bonus: George Washington Rains published the pamphlet "Notes on the Making of Saltpetre from the Earth of the Caves"


Albert J Meyer known as the "Father of the US Signal Corps" created this system of using signaling with flags. The four "elements" were the position of the flags and each letter was comprised of a set pattern similar to morse code.

 

[Reb]

1. "Them damned black hatted fellers" Iron Brigade
2. George Washington Rains, did not write "Several Species of Small Furry Animals Gathered Together in a Cave and Grooving With a Pict"*, but did write "Notes on making saltpetre from the earth of the caves"
3. Signal code, Albert J. Myer

*Pink Floyd

 

[Schwallanscher]

regular: the iron brigade
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Brigade
'normal' bonus: george wahington rains - notes on making salpetre from the the earth of the caves (my source says 14 pages, but it needs to be right -> 12 numbered pages)

ami bonus: a signals code - albert j. myer

 

[Brenal]

Iron Brigade aka Black Hats/Black Hat Brigade/Iron Brigade of the West/Kings Wisconsin Brigade

Bonus: George Washington Rains.
Rudimentary Course of Analytical and Applied Chemistry (1872)

Ami's Birthday Bonus: A Flag signalling system("General Service Code" for wig-wag signalling, standardized in 1864, was also known as the "four element" code because all of the characters transmitted were composed of from one to four flag motions)
Created by: Major Albert J. Myer

Edit - Rains did write the textbook you cited in 1872, but the question specifically asked about the publication he authored in 1861.

Hoosier

 

[adisciu9]

Iron brigade

 

[ErnieMac]

Iron Brigade.

Bonus: George W. Rains wrote the pamphlet Notes on making saltpetre [sic] from the earth of the caves.

Ami's Bonus (hope Mike gives her a special day): Major (later Colonel & Bvt. Brigadier General) Albert J. Myer developed the Four Element Code for long distant communications. It used a single signal flag held in various position to signal the numbers 1,2, 3 and 4. Number grouping were used to denote letters.

 

[SD_CivilWarTvlr]

The Iron Brigade

 

[William G Hendry]

Happy Birthday Ami http://www.civilwarsignals.org/lessons/sigmethod/fourelement.html

signaling as practiced by the Signal Corps is, for the most part, a method of conveying ideas by motions of a flag or torch, or by some corresponding or equivalent means.

Created By Maj. Albert J. Myer

The number of different kinds if signs used in combination is called the number of elements of that signal. Thus the system of signals used by Maj. Myer in his experiments in New Mexico, and which was more generally used through the [Civil War] than any other, was termed the four element code. The combination signal 11 has one element; 1423 has for elements; 234, three elements; 1114, two elements, and so on. A code of signals is a series or set of signals in which each sign or combination has a definite meaning.

 

[Wallyfish]

They were the famous The Iron Brigade. Aka Those Damned "Black Hats"! And the Iron Brigade of the West. I am always in awe when I stand around the 19th In and 24th Mi monuments in Gettysburg and who can forget the 6th Wisconsin at the Railroad cut.


Bonus. He was George Washington Rains.
In 1861 he published Notes on making saltpeter from the earth of caves.

Ami's Birthday bonus.

The Four Element code was used by the Signal Corps for communication purposes. In the four-element code, movements of the flag conveyed the numerals 1, 2, 3, or 4 which were grouped to stand for letters and sometimes words or phrases.
It was created by Major Albert Myer.

Happy birthday Ami.

http://www.civilwarsignals.org/lessons/sigmethod/fourelement.html

 

[JohnW.]

The regular question is an easy one...
The Iron Brigade

 

[William G Hendry]

Main Question == And Happy Birthday again Ami

!! The Iron Brigade!!

The brigade took pride in its designation, "1st Brigade, 1st Division, I Corps", under which it played a prominent role in the first day of the Battle of Gettysburg, July 1, 1863. It repulsed the first Confederate offensive through Herbst's Woods, capturing much of Brig. Gen. James J. Archer's brigade, and Archer himself. The 6th Wisconsin (along with 100 men of the brigade guard) are remembered for their famous charge on an unfinished railroad cut north and west of the town, where they captured the flag of the 2nd Mississippi and took hundreds of Confederate prisoners.[5]

The Iron Brigade, proportionately, suffered the most casualties of any brigade in the Civil War. For example, 61% (1,153 out of 1,885) were casualties at Gettysburg. Similarly, the 2nd Wisconsin, which suffered 77% casualties at Gettysburg, suffered the third highest total throughout the war; it was third behind the 24th Michigan (also an Iron Brigade regiment) as well as the 1st Minnesota in total casualties at Gettysburg. The Michigan regiment lost 397 out of 496 soldiers, an 80% casualty rate. The 1st Minnesota Regiment actually suffered the highest casualty percentage of any Union regiment in a single Civil War engagement during the battle of Gettysburg, losing 216 out of 262 men (82%).[citation needed]

The last surviving member of the Iron Brigade, Josiah E. Cass, of Eau Claire, Wisconsin, died 2 December 1947, at age 100, of a fractured hip suffered in a fall.[6]

 

[Copperhead-mi]

Friday Question: Iron Brigade, also known as The Black Hats, Black Hat Brigade, Iron Brigade of the West


Bonus: George Washington Rains. His 1861 pamphlet was Notes on the Making of Saltpetre from the Earth of the Caves.


Happy Birthday, Ami! Bonus: The "Four Element Code" was a form of codes using signal flags to send messages over distances where telegraph lines were not available. This system was devised by U. S. Army surgeon, Major Albert J. Myer during the 1850's and adopted by the U.S. Army in 1860.

 

[JohnW.]

Ami's birthday bonus answer:

Wig-wag signaling, standardized in 1864, was also known as the "four element" code because all of the characters transmitted were composed of from one to four flag motions.

 

[JohnW.]

Addendum to Birthday bonus question:

The Four Element Code was created by Albert J. Myer

 

[adisciu9]

Bonus 2: code system using single signal flags or lanterns founded by Maj. Albert Myer

 

[William G Hendry]

Publication
Notes on the Making of Saltpetre from the Earth of the Caves


Rains, George Washington
by George D. Terry, 1994
1817–21 Mar. 1898

See also: Gabriel James Rains, brother.

An engraving of George Washington Rains published in 1914. Image from the Internet Archive.George Washington Rains, army officer, educator, and author, was born in Craven County, the eighth child of Gabriel M. and Hester Ambrose Rains. He attended New Bern Academy and in 1838, after his parents had moved to Alabama, entered the U.S. Military Academy at West Point. In 1842 Rains was graduated third in a class of fifty-six. As a second lieutenant in the Corps of Engineers he was stationed first at Boston and then with the Fourth Artillery at Fort Monroe, Va. After a brief term as assistant professor of chemistry and geology at West Point, he saw action in the Mexican War in which he was brevetted major for gallant conduct. In 1847–48 he served as aide-de-camp to Generals Winfield Scott and Gideon Pillow and the following year was assigned to duty in New Orleans. He later fought in the Seminole War.

On 23 Apr. 1856 Rains married Frances Josephine Ramsell of New York. He was promoted to captain in 1856 but resigned the same year to become president of the Washington Iron Works and later the Highland Iron Works, both of which were located in Newburgh, N.Y. By 1861 he had obtained a number of patents for inventions relating to steam engines and boilers.

When the Civil War began, Rains enlisted in the Confederate army and was commissioned a major; a year later he was promoted to lieutenant colonel. Assigned the task of procuring gunpowder, Rains established government powder mills at Augusta, Ga., that produced 2,750,000 pounds of gunpowder during the Civil War. Rains was also put in charge of the collection of niter from caves in the South and published a pamphlet, Notes on the Making of Saltpetre from the Earth of the Caves. His efforts quickly led to the creation of the Nitre and Mining Bureau of the War Department.

After the war Rains remained in Augusta and became professor of chemistry at the Medical College of Georgia in August 1866. Eventually named dean of the college, he served on the faculty until 1894. He was the author of Rudimentary Course of Analytical and Applied Chemistry (1872) and History of the Confederate Powder Works (1882). Rains died in Newburgh, N.Y.

 

[Stony]

1- The Iron Brigade, also known as The Black Hats, Black Hat Brigade, Iron Brigade of the West, and originally King's Wisconsin Brigade was an infantry brigade in the Union Army of the Potomac during the American Civil War.
source-wiki

2- George Washington Rains - "Notes on the Making of Saltpetre From the Earth of the Caves"
His efforts quickly led to the creation of the Nitre and Mining Bureau of the War Department.
source-http://www.ncpedia.org/biography/rains-george-washington

3- You are part of the Signal Corps. Wig Wag: The Army's "talking flags"
A signal system using flags and torches was invented by a U.S. Army surgeon, Major Albert Myer, in the 1850's and adopted by the U.S. Army in 1860. Myer's system permitted messages to be sent across areas where telegraph wires were unavailable. In the four-element code, movements of the flag conveyed the numerals 1, 2, 3, or 4 which were grouped to stand for letters and sometimes words or phrases. The letter "B" might be "1423," for example. The number of different kinds of signs used in combination is called the number of elements of that signal. Thus the system of signals used by Maj. Myer in his experiments in New Mexico, and which was more generally used through the Civil War than any other, was termed the four element code.
source-https://www.nps.gov/anti/learn/historyculture/signal.htm
source-http://www.civilwarsignals.org/lessons/sigmethod/fourelement.html

Happy Birthday Ami!

 

[DBF]

1st Question:
The Eastern Iron Brigade also known as the Iron Brigade of the East and First Iron Brigade was a brigade of infantry, that served in the Union Army of the Potomac during the American Civil War. For much of its service, it was designated as the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, 1 Corps. They were the 1st Iron Brigade to be formed at the beginning of the war.
This is from Wikipedia: Eastern Iron Brigade which I won't link to as it seems to want to print the whole article and I don't want to take up the space.

2nd Question:
Who am I: George Washington Rains, CSA
Publication: "Notes of the Making of Saltpeter from the Earth of the Caves" - led to the creation of the Nitre and Mining Bureau of the War Department.
http://www.ncpedia.org/biography/rains-george-washington
Dictionary of North Carolina Biography - page 164

"Happy Birthday Ami" Bonus Question:
The signal system was designed by Major Albert J. Myer. He developed "a certain number of arbitrary, simple signs or symbols. easily distinguished the one for the other, being made to appear separately or in combination. When a meaning is attached to these signs, single or combined, they become signals. The number of different kinds of signs used in a combination is called the number of elements of that signal. The combination signal 11 has one element; 1423 has four elements; etc". So in conclusion - I don't understand what I copied from the book "The Signal Corps,
U.S.A. in the War of the Rebellion (page 91), other than it was a signal system, other than telegraph or courier, that was developed to monitor troop movements of the enemy and I could never be in the Signal Corp.
http://www.civilwarsignals.org/pages/talkingflags/talkingflags.html

 

[MaryDee]

Friday: I don't need to look this one up, except to provide a source--it's the Iron Brigade! Per wikipedia article, "Iron Brigade": "On February 27, 1863, the brigade, now under the command of Brig. Gen. Solomon Meredith, was redesignated the 1st Brigade, 1st Division, I Corps."

Bonus: George Washington Raines, "Notes on the Making of Saltpetre from the Earth of the Caves."
Source: http://www.ncpedia.org/biography/rains-george-washington

Happy Birthday. Ami!!! Per https://www.nps.gov/anti/learn/historyculture/signal.htm"
"A signal system using flags and torches was invented by a U.S. Army surgeon, Major Albert Myer, in the 1850's and adopted by the U.S. Army in 1860."
"In the four-element code, movements of the flag conveyed the numerals 1, 2, 3, or 4 which were grouped to stand for letters and sometimes words or phrases."
Additional info from the above article: "Myer's assistant during the development of the wig wag system was an exceptional young officer named Lt. E. Porter Alexander. Alexander was a Georgian who resigned his commission in the U.S. Army to fight for the Confederates. He helped organize, equip, and train the Confederate Signal Service. Thus both armies used essentially the same signal system, so encoding messages became critical."