Solid Shot Casualties at Gettysburg

[Tom Elmore]

A solid shot, popularly known as a cannon ball, was a spherical projectile of solid iron fitted for smoothbore cannon such as a 12-pounder Napoleon. On this field, the round was intended for enemy artillery but occasionally struck supporting infantry. While it could be very destructive if enfilading an infantry line of battle, it generally struck a line more perpendicularly, taking out just one or two soldiers. The result, however, was typically fatal given the amount of kinetic energy imparted. This held true even with a spent shot rolling rather slowly along the ground. An unseasoned soldier who attempted to stop one with his foot usually lost that foot or leg – veterans quickly learned to avoid them.

For a separate thread listing concussive casualties from exploding rounds, see:

https://civilwartalk.com/threads/concussive-casualties-at-gettysburg.199904/

Part I

CSA

Captain Lafayette J. Allen, Company H, 3rd Arkansas. He was killed by a solid shot prior to the advance of his division on July 2. (Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, by John W. Busey and Travis W. Busey, 1:215)

Private James Rawlings Maupin, Second Company Richmond Howitzers. During the July 3 artillery bombardment, a solid shot struck close to one of the guns of Captain David Watson's battery on Seminary Ridge, instantly killing Maupin and mortally wounding Private H. Thomas Pendleton. (July 10, 1863 letter of Florence McCarthy, Jr. to Jane E. McCarthy (sister), McCarthy Family Papers, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond; The University Memorial, Biographical Sketches … of the University of Virginia alumni who fell in the Confederate war, Baltimore, MD: Turnbull brothers 1871, pp. 464-470)

Private Hugh Thomas Pendleton, Second Company Richmond Howitzers. The same solid shot that killed James Maupin also mortally wounded "Tom" Pendleton, a nephew of Artillery Chief William N. Pendleton. A friend placed Tom under the shade of a tree. Soon his battalion commander, Captain Willis J. Dance, passed by. Tom called out, asking the captain to tell his mother that he had died doing his duty, and that he wished to die because he was suffering great agony. One account says he died within 30 minutes; another suggests he held on for nearly two hours. (Diary of John Henry Vest, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond [now the American Civil War Museum]; The University Memorial, Biographical Sketches … of the University of Virginia alumni who fell in the Confederate war, Baltimore, MD: Turnbull brothers 1871, pp. 464-470)

Private J. Lara "Larry" Bosworth, Company D, 8th Florida. On July 3, Bosworth was struck by a solid shot on the outer side of his left thigh just above the knee, carrying away two inches of muscle and leaving a wound five inches in diameter. After being paroled and exchanged, he was deemed unfit for further field service and was detailed to the Ordnance Department at Columbus, Georgia. After the war he married and had two children, dying in May 1875 around the age of 37. (Camp Letterman, Descriptive List, Compiled Service Records of J. L. Bosworth, Fold3; The Daily Times, Columbus, Georgia, May 28, 1875, p. 4)

Lieutenant Colonel John T. Ellis, 19th Virginia. During the cannonade on July 3, solid shots were observed landing to the regiment's right and sometimes they skipped along the ground. At one point someone yelled "Look out!" – Ellis raised his head and was struck in the face. Carried to the shade and from there to a field hospital on the John F. Currens farm, Ellis died the following morning. (Wasted Valor, by Gregory A. Coco, Gettysburg, PA: Thomas Publications, 1990, p. 116; Reminiscences of Big I, by Lt. William Nathaniel Wood, ed. by Bell Irvin Wiley, Jackson, TN: McCowat-Mercer Press, Inc., 1956)

USA

2nd Sergeant Joseph Leffleth [or Lifflith], Company D, 104th New York. On July 1, northwest of the town, a solid "round" shot tore his leg off. He lingered for another two months at the Lutheran Seminary hospital, until his death on September 6. (Personal Recollections of the War of the Rebellion, addresses delivered before the Commandery of the State of New York, a paper by Capt. Geo. H. Starr, NY: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1897, p. 69)

Captain William James Kay, Company C, 70th New York. On July 2, his horse was struck by a twelve-pound solid shot, which passed clear through the animal, at the same time tearing off Kay's boot, the calf of his leg and the muscles, making a wound 12-inches long. He was taken to a Baltimore hospital and treated for four months. However, the wound never healed and for 30 years was a running sore, the bone being exposed. In 1893, a cancerous growth developed at the site and his leg was amputated above the knee. Kay, then 70 years old, recovered from the operation but complications set in four years later and he endured three more years until dying in early 1900. (Brooklyn Eagle, July 22, 1894, p. 13; National Tribune, October 5, 1893, p. 4; Brooklyn Eagle, March 2, 1900)

Corporal John Fitzgerald, Company K, 72nd New York. On July 3, a solid shot struck a rail on which he was sitting, severely bruising his testes. He was taken to the Lutheran Seminary hospital and on July 11 was transferred to the Summit House hospital. (The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion, part II, vol. II, Surgical History, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1877, p. 418)

Captain John M. Sell, Company I, 83rd Pennsylvania. While detached from the regiment as the division's acting Provost Marshal, to prevent straggling and deal with prisoners, he was struck below the left knee by a solid shot, around 5:30 p.m. on July 2. It nearly severed the lower part of his leg but he could not be moved immediately due to the ongoing fight. Eventually taken to a barn being used as a field hospital, his leg was amputated but he died the next day. (History of the Eighty-Third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, by A. M. Judson, Erie, PA: B. F. F. Lynn, Publisher, p. 69; August 13, 1863 letter of Wm. H. Edmont to Mrs. Sarah A. Sell, CSUN Oviatt Library, digital collection)

Private Thaddeus L. Reynolds, Company I, 154th New York. As a musician, he helped out the medical department during the battle. While holding the assistant surgeon's horse, a solid shot carried away most of his hand, leaving just the thumb and one finger, and also stripped skin and muscle from his thigh. After dealing with intense pain, he died of lockjaw on July 12 at the Eleventh Corps hospital. (Union Casualties at Gettysburg, by Travis W. Busey and John W. Busey, 2:697)

 

[neyankee61]

Wasn't Sickles hit with a solid shot?

 

[Tom Elmore]

Wasn't Sickles hit with a solid shot?

Yes, the most famous recipient of a solid shot at Gettysburg, perhaps a bounding round that had been fired at Union artillery near the Emmitsburg road. He was fortunate to have survived, but then again a corps commander would receive the best available medical care on a battlefield.

 

[Nathan Stuart]

Wasn't Sickles hit with a solid shot?

Always thought it incredible that the solid shot that struck the mounted Sickles in the right knee did not reportedly spook or injure his horse in any way.

 

[Llewellyn]

Deleted.

 

[Llewellyn]

Always thought it incredible that the solid shot that struck the mounted Sickles in the right knee did not reportedly spook or injure his horse in any way.

The Earl of Uxbridge, Wellington's cavalry commander, lost his leg to a cannon ball at Waterloo and his nag, too, was unharmed.

 

[Tom Elmore]

The Earl of Uxbridge, Wellington's cavalry commander, lost his leg to a cannon ball at Waterloo and his nag, too, was unharmed.

I always remember that scene from the movie Waterloo, where Uxbridge says: "By God, sir, I've lost my leg!" To which the Duke of Wellington (played by Christopher Plummer) replies, "By God, sir, so you have!"

 

[Tom Elmore]

Part II

CSA

Corporal Antoine (or Antrim) Woods, Company H, 9th Georgia. A member of the regiment, possibly Lieutenant William S. Allen of Company G, recalled that prior to the advance of his brigade on July 2, "a solid shot went through the line striking a man named Wood, tearing him all to pieces and scattering him over a fence." [ @lelliott19 believes the individual to be Antoine Woods, https://civilwartalk.com/threads/valuable-"new"-source-on-anderson's-brigade-in-the-gettysburg-campaign.207656/]

USA

1st Lieutenant Henry Chancellor, Jr., Company B (commanding Company G), 150th Pennsylvania. On the late afternoon of July 1, his left leg was fractured at the thigh and nearly severed by a solid shot. His leg was amputated but he died at the Seminary Hospital on August 5 or 7. (History of the One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, by Lt. Col. Thomas Chamberlin, Philadelphia, PA: F. McManus, Jr. & Co., 1905; Pennsylvania at Gettysburg, II:751; One Hundred and Fiftieth Regiment, History of Pennsylvania Volunteers 1861-5, p. 651)

Privates William C. Wiley, Charles F. Franke and James Montgomery, Company E, 70th New York. On July 2, a solid shot landed among these three men. Montgomery was killed instantly, Wiley lost his leg and Franke was wounded in the shoulder but recovered. (National Tribune, October 19, 1882, p.5)

1st Lieutenant Joshua Simster Garsed, Company B, 23rd Pennsylvania. Near the close of the fighting on July 3, "a solid shot literally tore him to pieces." It might well have been, as has been claimed, a solid bolt from a breech-loading Whitworth in Captain William B. Hurt's battery on Oak Hill, as this piece continued to fire well after the fighting had faded away following the afternoon attack against Cemetery Ridge. (Oration of Alexander Shaler, Dedication of the Monument to the 23d Pennsylvania Regiment Infantry, Pennsylvania at Gettysburg, I:189; https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/7641282/joshua_simster-garsed)

Private Towner B. Jenks, Company A, 37th Massachusetts. A "cannon ball" crushed the anterior portion of his right foot, probably on July 3 during the initial minutes of the cannonade, as his regiment marched down the Taneytown road near Meade's headquarters. A portion of his foot was amputated on July 4. Surgeon Louis M. Emanuel of the 82nd Pennsylvania took over his case on August 4, at Camp Letterman. On October 5, Jenks was transferred to another hospital, but as of that date his general health was described as excellent. (Medical descriptive list, compiled service records of Towner B. Jenks, Fold3)

1st Lieutenant and Adjutant Eugene F. Weibel, Jr., 82nd Illinois. On July 2, Weibel had dismounted and was holding his horse by the reins on Cemetery Hill. He later wrote that a "cannonball went right through my horse's breast … My canteen, which was full of water, saved me; it was smashed as flat as a pancake, but it made the ball fall away." Weibel was thrown backwards, "half unconscious," but he soon recovered and escaped with only a badly bruised belly. (July 9, 1863 letter of Eugene Weibel to his family, Der Maibaum, vol. XXII, no. 3, p. 14, translated by Steve Rowan)

 

[neyankee61]

1st Lt. Charles Walker Co B 7th NJ—On the morning of July 2, the 7th NJ, along with the rest of Burling's Brigade, was moved to a position near Cemetery Hill. There, it relaxed and tried to escape the hot mid-day sun. When the Confederates opened their artillery barrage, the men hugged the ground, trying desperately to find cover. A solid shot struck Lt. Walker at the firing's height, nearly cutting him in two. Mangled, Walker fell to the ground. Walker died about a half hour later.

 

[Rhea Cole]

In the happy days before sanity prevailed living history volunteered betters at Stones River fired an original 12 pound Napoleon eight time a day… with live rounds.

Timed rounds traveled (+/-) 800 yards toward the Parson's Battery way side, going "POOCK" in the air.

Solid shot was sent bounding across the cotton field toward the solid wall of the cedar break.

During the annual battery program, 4'X8' sheets of plywood were stood against the trees as targets.

It was really something to see the balls skipping through the cotton. At each bound a spray of dirt & plants would spin into the air.., it was like a Nebraska jackrabbit from hades.

The resounding "Whoop!" of a hit at (+/-) 800 yards was an eye opener. Gen Gibbon knew what he was saying when he described the damage solid shot could inflict on closely packed infantry.

The sight of the rooster tails of shot converging on the men in the ranks can only be imagined. Materially, the British historian John Keegan noted that during the age of blackpowder warfare the most common objects removed from wounds was other men's teeth & bones.

 

[121st PA Vols]

In the happy days before sanity prevailed living history volunteered betters at Stones River fired an original 12 pound Napoleon eight time a day… with live rounds.

Timed rounds traveled (+/-) 800 yards toward the Parson's Battery way side, going "POOCK" in the air.

Solid shot was sent bounding across the cotton field toward the solid wall of the cedar break.

During the annual battery program, 4'X8' sheets of plywood were stood against the trees as targets.

It was really something to see the balls skipping through the cotton. At each bound a spray of dirt & plants would spin into the air.., it was like a Nebraska jackrabbit from hades.

The resounding "Whoop!" of a hit at (+/-) 800 yards was an eye opener. Gen Gibbon knew what he was saying when he described the damage solid shot could inflict on closely packed infantry.

The sight of the rooster tails of shot converging on the men in the ranks can only be imagined. Materially, the British historian John Keegan noted that during the age of blackpowder warfare the most common objects removed from wounds was other men's teeth & bones.

Rhea Cole, this reminds me of an event that occurred in Vietnam many years ago to a friend (5th Marines) when ambushed where the man in front of him took either a captured .50 caliber or NVA .51 cal to the chest causing a massive and fatal wound that killed him instantly. My friend was wounded severely in the knees by the other man's bone fragments and other debris as you didn't carry anything noisy (loose change, silencer on tags), and there was no appreciable (tag fragments) metal in his wound.

 

[Rhea Cole]

Rhea Cole, this reminds me of an event that occurred in Vietnam many years ago to a friend (5th Marines) when ambushed where the man in front of him took either a captured .50 caliber or NVA .51 cal to the chest causing a massive and fatal wound that killed him instantly. My friend was wounded severely in the knees by the other man's bone fragments and other debris as you didn't carry anything noisy (loose change, silencer on tags), and there was no appreciable (tag fragments) metal in his wound.

You do not have to imagine the effect that projectile impacts had on bodies standing shoulder to shoulder. One of the reasons that wounds were so lethally infectious was other people's clothing & insignia carried along with multiple impacts.

My 2nd grade great granddaughter knows more about germs & basic hygiene than anyone in 1860. Nobody knew why, but the power of lye soap & basic hygiene impressed itself on doctors early on. Indeed, it was the end of medical dark ages.

 

[neyankee61]

Around the world, esp. in Europe, doctors were beginning to understand the germ theory. They learned quite a bit from the Crimean War. Joseph Lister was among those whose ideas on germs were at the forefront. Not so much here in the US. Reading about the assassination of Pres. Garfield, one can find that there was a great divide among doctors here about germs and basic hygiene.

 

[on again]

A solid shot, popularly known as a cannon ball, was a spherical projectile of solid iron fitted for smoothbore cannon such as a 12-pounder Napoleon. On this field, the round was intended for enemy artillery but occasionally struck supporting infantry. While it could be very destructive if enfilading an infantry line of battle, it generally struck a line more perpendicularly, taking out just one or two soldiers. The result, however, was typically fatal given the amount of kinetic energy imparted. This held true even with a spent shot rolling rather slowly along the ground. An unseasoned soldier who attempted to stop one with his foot usually lost that foot or leg – veterans quickly learned to avoid them.

For a separate thread listing concussive casualties from exploding rounds, see:

https://civilwartalk.com/threads/concussive-casualties-at-gettysburg.199904/

Part I

CSA

Captain Lafayette J. Allen, Company H, 3rd Arkansas. He was killed by a solid shot prior to the advance of his division on July 2. (Confederate Casualties at Gettysburg, by John W. Busey and Travis W. Busey, 1:215)

Private James Rawlings Maupin, Second Company Richmond Howitzers. During the July 3 artillery bombardment, a solid shot struck close to one of the guns of Captain David Watson's battery on Seminary Ridge, instantly killing Maupin and mortally wounding Private H. Thomas Pendleton. (July 10, 1863 letter of Florence McCarthy, Jr. to Jane E. McCarthy (sister), McCarthy Family Papers, Virginia Historical Society, Richmond; The University Memorial, Biographical Sketches … of the University of Virginia alumni who fell in the Confederate war, Baltimore, MD: Turnbull brothers 1871, pp. 464-470)

Private Hugh Thomas Pendleton, Second Company Richmond Howitzers. The same solid shot that killed James Maupin also mortally wounded "Tom" Pendleton, a nephew of Artillery Chief William N. Pendleton. A friend placed Tom under the shade of a tree. Soon his battalion commander, Captain Willis J. Dance, passed by. Tom called out, asking the captain to tell his mother that he had died doing his duty, and that he wished to die because he was suffering great agony. One account says he died within 30 minutes; another suggests he held on for nearly two hours. (Diary of John Henry Vest, Museum of the Confederacy, Richmond [now the American Civil War Museum]; The University Memorial, Biographical Sketches … of the University of Virginia alumni who fell in the Confederate war, Baltimore, MD: Turnbull brothers 1871, pp. 464-470)

Private J. Lara "Larry" Bosworth, Company D, 8th Florida. On July 3, Bosworth was struck by a solid shot on the outer side of his left thigh just above the knee, carrying away two inches of muscle and leaving a wound five inches in diameter. After being paroled and exchanged, he was deemed unfit for further field service and was detailed to the Ordnance Department at Columbus, Georgia. After the war he married and had two children, dying in May 1875 around the age of 37. (Camp Letterman, Descriptive List, Compiled Service Records of J. L. Bosworth, Fold3; The Daily Times, Columbus, Georgia, May 28, 1875, p. 4)

Lieutenant Colonel John T. Ellis, 19th Virginia. During the cannonade on July 3, solid shots were observed landing to the regiment's right and sometimes they skipped along the ground. At one point someone yelled "Look out!" – Ellis raised his head and was struck in the face. Carried to the shade and from there to a field hospital on the John F. Currens farm, Ellis died the following morning. (Wasted Valor, by Gregory A. Coco, Gettysburg, PA: Thomas Publications, 1990, p. 116; Reminiscences of Big I, by Lt. William Nathaniel Wood, ed. by Bell Irvin Wiley, Jackson, TN: McCowat-Mercer Press, Inc., 1956)

USA

2nd Sergeant Joseph Leffleth [or Lifflith], Company D, 104th New York. On July 1, northwest of the town, a solid "round" shot tore his leg off. He lingered for another two months at the Lutheran Seminary hospital, until his death on September 6. (Personal Recollections of the War of the Rebellion, addresses delivered before the Commandery of the State of New York, a paper by Capt. Geo. H. Starr, NY: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1897, p. 69)

Captain William James Kay, Company C, 70th New York. On July 2, his horse was struck by a twelve-pound solid shot, which passed clear through the animal, at the same time tearing off Kay's boot, the calf of his leg and the muscles, making a wound 12-inches long. He was taken to a Baltimore hospital and treated for four months. However, the wound never healed and for 30 years was a running sore, the bone being exposed. In 1893, a cancerous growth developed at the site and his leg was amputated above the knee. Kay, then 70 years old, recovered from the operation but complications set in four years later and he endured three more years until dying in early 1900. (Brooklyn Eagle, July 22, 1894, p. 13; National Tribune, October 5, 1893, p. 4; Brooklyn Eagle, March 2, 1900)

Corporal John Fitzgerald, Company K, 72nd New York. On July 3, a solid shot struck a rail on which he was sitting, severely bruising his testes. He was taken to the Lutheran Seminary hospital and on July 11 was transferred to the Summit House hospital. (The Medical and Surgical History of the War of the Rebellion, part II, vol. II, Surgical History, Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1877, p. 418)

Captain John M. Sell, Company I, 83rd Pennsylvania. While detached from the regiment as the division's acting Provost Marshal, to prevent straggling and deal with prisoners, he was struck below the left knee by a solid shot, around 5:30 p.m. on July 2. It nearly severed the lower part of his leg but he could not be moved immediately due to the ongoing fight. Eventually taken to a barn being used as a field hospital, his leg was amputated but he died the next day. (History of the Eighty-Third Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteers, by A. M. Judson, Erie, PA: B. F. F. Lynn, Publisher, p. 69; August 13, 1863 letter of Wm. H. Edmont to Mrs. Sarah A. Sell, CSUN Oviatt Library, digital collection)

Private Thaddeus L. Reynolds, Company I, 154th New York. As a musician, he helped out the medical department during the battle. While holding the assistant surgeon's horse, a solid shot carried away most of his hand, leaving just the thumb and one finger, and also stripped skin and muscle from his thigh. After dealing with intense pain, he died of lockjaw on July 12 at the Eleventh Corps hospital. (Union Casualties at Gettysburg, by Travis W. Busey and John W. Busey, 2:697)

Lt Col Ellis memorial

John Thomas Ellis (1827-1863) - Find a Grave...

Civil War Confederate Army Officer. Having graduated from Virginia Military Institute in 1848, he taught school and worked as a merchant in Amherst County before the Civil War. In 1861 he helped form the Southern Rights Guards and became a Captain in the 19th Virginia Infantry Regiment later in...

www.findagrave.com

Captain Kay photograph and biography memorial

CPT William J. Kay (1824-1900) - Find a Grave...

Died after a painful illness. Captain of the Seventieth New York Volunteers. Born in Scotland Age Approximate: 75 Noted as survived by a spouse His occupation: Post Office Father's Name William Kay Mother's Name Margaret Kay

www.findagrave.com

 

[Tom Elmore]

Part III

CSA

Captain James T. Davis, Company D, 12th Alabama. After noon on July 1, a ricochetting cannon ball struck his head as he rested beside a fence with his company on Oak Hill prior to a charge. Killed instantly, his brains scattered over several others nearby, including Lieutenant Robert E. Park of Company F, "greatly distressing" them. Davis' effects were later given to his wife, Nancy. (Sketch of the Twelfth Alabama Infantry, by Robert Emory Park, reprinted from Southern Historical Society Papers, 1906, vol. 33, p. 11; Compiled service records of James T. Davis, Fold3)

USA

Sergeant Joseph H. Hervey, Company C, 19th Massachusetts. On July 3, during the repulse of the Confederate attack against Cemetery Ridge, his body was "terribly mangled by a solid shot" in or near the copse. (History of the Nineteenth Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry, 1861-1865, compiled by Ernest L. Watt, Salem, MA: Salem Press Co., 1906, p. 250; Compiled service records of Joseph H. Hervey, Fold3)

Color Sergeant (not further identified), in charge of the orderlies serving staff officers of Brigadier General Andrew A. Humphreys. Captain William H. Chester, special aide-de-camp, was badly wounded on July 2 and, at Humphreys' direction, was being assisted off the field by this color sergeant and another orderly. Chester recalled: "Supported by one on each side of me, I had moved some few paces when a solid shot came flying by, taking off my horse's head and the sergeant's also." That night, the staff's Assistant Inspector General, Adolfo F. Cavada, observed that the sergeant's head and torso had been separated from the rest of his body. (Diary of Adolfo Fernandez de la Cavada, Bull Run Regional Library, Manassas, Virginia)

Private Jonathan E. Leavitt, Company D, 12th New Hampshire. On July 2, both of his feet and ankles were crushed by a solid shot. Taken to a Fifth Corps hospital, his case was handled by the regimental doctor, Hadley B. Fowler, a kind man and skilled surgeon who was designated as operating surgeon for the brigade. Fowler had to amputate both of Leavitt's legs above the ankles, but unfortunately the patient died on the operating table. (The Railroad Commissioner, Hadley B. Fowler, The People, Concord, New Hampshire, January 24, 1878, p. 2; Union Casualties at Gettysburg, by Travis W. Busey and John W. Busey, 1:350)

Captain Augustus Vignos, Company H, 107th Ohio. On July 1, while his regiment was posted near Barlow's Knoll awaiting developments, "a cannon ball came whistling through the air, shattering his arm from elbow to wrist. His hat flew in the air, blood spurted from his injury, and he fell to the ground writhing in pain. He was led … to the Gettysburg poor-house [Alms House] where his wound was cared for while the battle raged about him." (Canton Repository, Canton, Ohio, August 25, 1907)

 

[on again]

To stop Picket charge solid shot canister was fired point black...one account heads could be seen in the air after the discharge...

Gettysburg wasnt the only solid shot casualties....
At Perryville Ky https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/279782106/david-osborne
One of General Rosecans staff officers was beheaded by a cannon shot...the body remained on the horse!

Julius Peter Garesché - Wikipedia

en.wikipedia.org

 

[bayonet]

Lieutenant Colonel Douglas Fowler of the 17th Connecticut Infantry while on his horse directing his Men on Barlows Knoll the 1st day was struck in the head. Nothing remained of it as its remains splattered his Men. Shot most likely fired by Jones Battery. His body was never recovered.

 

[Tom Elmore]

Lieutenant Colonel Douglas Fowler of the 17th Connecticut Infantry while on his horse directing his Men on Barlows Knoll the 1st day was struck in the head. Nothing remained of it as its remains splattered his Men. Shot most likely fired by Jones Battery. His body was never recovered.

Possibly a solid shot, or else an unexploded shell, unless you have a more definitive source. However, the effect is the same. Private William Warren of Company C wrote that a "shell" struck Fowler in the forehead, and part of his brains were scattered over the arm of Adjutant Chatfield.

 

[Rhea Cole]

I received a PM asking how far a solid shot would carry & effect at extreme range. My absolute best answer is from a modern experiment that went wrong… Wallace & Grommet wrong.

A miss aimed 30 pound solid ball fired by The Myth Busters sailed over a berm, across a major highway, up the stairs of a house & after 1,000 yards smashed into a van. If only we could have Wallace's commentary!

Myth Buster's Cannon Ball Gone Wrong!

Link:
https://www.npr.org/2011/12/08/1433...-a-hole-in-a-house-with-a-cannonball-now-what

 

[bayonet]

unless you have a more definitive source

Only what I read in numerous books my numerous witnesses. So no I was not there for if I was I would of had the Men knock out Barlow miles back and tie him to a tree. That way we would not of advanced too far out without reconning as to what's a head of us. Would of stopped on the North end of town and placed the Men behind all the stone walls until I knew what was ahead of us! That guy almost got my GG Grandfather killed, and I would not exist. Oh Chatfields Horse was hit about the same time and killed but he survived only to be killed later in Florida in 1865.