Carnifex Ferry Battlefield is located about 200 miles south of Pittsburgh and 40 miles east of Charleston WV as the crow flies (a good bit further if you aren't a crow). It's about 15 minutes off of US Rt. 19 near Summersville WV. I took the opportunity to visit on a sunnday afternoon in February 2015.
By early September 1861 Federal troops had occupied northwest West Virginia and, more recently, the Kanawha River Valley (Charleston area). Confederate BG John B. Floyd leading an 2000-man brigade of Virginia troops moved to contest the Federal occupation. After crossing the Gauley River and surprising a Federal regiment at nearby Keslers Cross Lanes Floyd established an entrenched camp on the Patterson farm situated on a plateau overlooking the Gauley near the Carnifex Ferry crossing.
BG William Rosecrans commanding three brigades of Federal troops total about 6000 men moved on Floyd. Rosecrans arrived in front of Camp Gauley on the afternoon of September 10, 1861, and immediately attacked, feeding his men into the battle in a piecemeal fashion as the arrived. The battle lasted the afternoon with the Confederates holding off the Confederate attacks until nightfall. With reinforcements unavailable, Floyd withdrew across the Gauley during the night.
Carnifex Ferry was a small battle by CW standards - roughly 160 Federal casualties and 30 Confederate. Its main significance occurred about six weeks later when West Virginians held an election in which they voted to apply to become a separate state in the Union. Had Confederate operations been successful the Kanawha valley areas may not have been able to participate in that election.
View of the Gauley from near the battlefield. The ferry was located to the right of the photo.
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Recreation of Floyd's entrenchments facing the direction of Rosecran's attack. Patterson house in background.
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Rosecrans line of attack.
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The traces of the Old Ferry Road used by Floyd to withdraw.
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