Proposed Invasion of Charleston harbor by the North

Notice I am not telling the Confederate side but using the Yankee version of events.

Now shall I prove that Anderson and his men were the aggressors? Shall I prove to you that the ORs are not complete?


GP
http://southernheritageadvancementpreservationeducation.com/page.php?4

George Purvis said:

"not been notified" Not true.

Mr. Buchanan's Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion. Contributors: James Buchanan - author. Pages 166-167


The President (Buchanan) having observed that Major Buell, in reducing to writing at Fort Moultrie the instructions he had verbally received, required Major Anderson, in case of attack, to defend himself to the last extremity, immediately caused the Secretary of War to modify this instruction. This extreme was not required by any principle of military honor or by any rule of war. It was sufficient for him to defend himself until no reasonable hope should remain of saving the fort (Moultrie). The instructions were accordingly so modified, with the approbation of General Scott.

The President having determined not to disturb the status quo at Charleston, as long as our troops should continue to be hospitably treated by the inhabitants, and remain in unmolested possession of the forts, was gratified to learn, a short time thereafter, that South Carolina was equally intent on preserving the peace. On the 8th December, 1860, four of the Representatives in Congress from that State sought an interview, and held a conversation with him concerning the best means of avoiding a hostile collision between the parties. In order to guard against any misapprehension on either side, he suggested that they had best reduce their verbal communication to writing, and bring it to him in that form. Accordingly, on the 10th December, they delivered to him a note, dated on the previous day, and signed by five members, in which they say: "In compliance with our statement to you yesterday, we now express to you our strong convictions that neither the constituted authorities, nor any body of the people of the State of South Carolina, will either attack or molest the United States forts in the harbor of Charleston, previously to the action of the Convention; and we hope and believe not until an offer has been made, through an accredited representative, to negotiate for an amicable arrangement of all matters between the State and the Federal Government, provided that no reënforcements be sent into these forts, and their relative military status shall remain as at present."


Now there you have it in a nutshell. Anderson was not "authorized" to move, he had been informed there was no hostile intent, no reenforcements allowed.

Now you have it coupled with Andersons own words
FORT SUMTER, Charleston, S. C, December 27, 1860.

My dear Sir: I have only time to say that the movement of my command to this place was made on my own responsibility and not in obedience to orders from Washington.

His responsibility --- no authorization in his own words

George Purvis
http://southernheritageadvancementpreservationeducation.com/page.php?4

Click to expand...

You have shown what the S. Carolinians said to the President, not what was said to Anderson in that last paragraph...That letter was never passed to Anderson was it? So you use one Anderson letter to prove your point but dismiss the other that states he didn't know about the agreement and thought there were preparations for an attack...And once again show where he didn't have authorization to move his forces..

George Purvis said:

Notice I am not telling the Confederate side but using the Yankee version of events.

Now shall I prove that Anderson and his men were the aggressors? Shall I prove to you that the ORs are not complete?


GP
http://southernheritageadvancementpreservationeducation.com/page.php?4

Click to expand...

Oh please go ahead....

George Purvis said:

A truer statement would be I'll believe what the OR's and diaries tell me, and let that facts fall where they may as long as they fit my agenda.

Anyone who has searched the ORs know they are incomplete the same as the CWS&S. To rely soley on the ORs is to ignore other sources of information. The information I have posted comes from reliable sources that yiou continue to dismiss. To pick and choose the sources you choose to believe is nothing more than williful ignorance.

GP
http://southernheritageadvancementpreservationeducation.com/page.php?4

Click to expand...

So show me what sources I used are incorrrect? I have shown you another letter addressed to the same person as the one you posted yet you dismiss what that letter contains, so who is being willifully ignorent...

George Purvis said:

Well golly gee I would give him props too since there was nothing much else left to do. We can make the same comparison to a present day "incident" happening in Washington today. As you can see here Buchanan thanks to Anderson, was caught berween a rock and a hard place, nowhere to run nowhere to hide.

Mr. Buchanan's Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion. Contributors: James Buchanan Pages 194-195

Between the two events it was physically impossible to prepare and send a second expedition, and this could not be done afterwards until the truce should expire, without a violation of public faith. It did not last, as the General asserts, "to the end of the administration," but expired by its own. limitation on the 5th February, the day when Secretary Holt finally and peremptorily announced to the South Carolina commissioner that the President would not under any circumstances
surrender Fort Sumter. It is possible that, under the laws of war, the President might have annulled this truce after due notice to Governor Pickens. This, however, would have cast a
serious reflection on Major Anderson for having concluded it, who, beyond question, had acted from the purest and most patriotic motives.

Click to expand...

So we have an memo between Holt and Anderson stating that they agreed with his move something which is really odd if he went against orders isn't it, yet you dismiss it as it doesn support your theory...

I AM WATCHING ....
======================================
Being that I have not been a part of the discussion but have read the 'reports' on the offending posts--the 'attitude' and posting 'shouts' must cease from now. So shall the need to be 'condescending' and this personal belittling/humiliating/cyber glove slap as a challenge by the use of 'good boy' and such is plain violation of the terms of services, as it is deemed as a 'personal attack.' This similar behavior/attitude of individuals with the need to warp things, in addition to creating havoc on the discussion threads--have caused said individuals to be 'banned.' Of course, these individuals return and allowed to stay until their old habits return and have to be banned again.

Further, it is a reminder--that moderators are members of CWT and moderate threads on a voluntary basis. The status of moderator does not exclude them from making posts. Only when acting as a moderator, will there be an indication of acting as one, e.g. by my post this shall be done as a moderator.

All are placed on notice and do thank those who have alerted the need for moderators to collectively monitor this thread as it seemingly has become ugly and broad attack on those who differ in view/opinions.

As a reminder--enlarged caps such as this: SAMPLE is deemed as 'shouting amplified.' This too is not something that is appreciated on CWT.


I shall be monitoring this thread. I shall not hesitate to give infractions as this is a posted warning and all are advised of what I am monitoring.

M. E. Wolf
POSTED IN THE CAPACITY OF MODERATOR [posted in red for clarity and easy to spot when the list owner reviews threads where reports are filed]
February 3rd, 2012 - 1:00 p.m./13:00 hrs [east-coast time]

My apologizes to the forum for my unprofessional conduct on this thread....

wilber6150 said:

Oh please go ahead....

Click to expand...

Yes, please. This should be good.

http://www.archive.org/stream/essaysandspeech04blacgoog#page/n30/mode/2up page 12


The members of the cabinet except for the traitor Floyd thought Anderson's move were in accordence to his orders..

wilber6150 said:

The Confederacy needed a war somewhere against Washington to draw in the other slave states, if not at Sumter it would have happened somewhere else...

Click to expand...

Once it became clear to the Confederate Government that the Lincoln regime had no intention of letting the seven states depart in peace, the government certainly needed an incident to draw in as additional Southern states as possible. The four additional states to join, after Lincoln call for troops, approximately doubled the white population of the Confederate States.

"The Lincoln administration required us to raise three regiments. Tell him we have done so!"

Col. Thomas J. Jackson to the First Brigade, Virginia Volunteers, CSA


"Your dispatch is received, and I have to say in reply, that I regard the levy of troops made by the administration for the purpose of subjugating the states of the South, as a violation of the Constitution, and as a gross usurpation of power. I can be no party to this wicked violation of the laws of the country and to this war upon the liberties of a free people. You can get no troops from North Carolina."

Governor Ellis (to Lincoln) 1861

CSA Today said:

Once it became clear to the Confederate Government that the Lincoln regime had no intention of letting the seven states depart in peace, the government certainly needed an incident to draw in as additional Southern states as possible. The four additional states to join, after Lincoln call for troops, approximately doubled the white population of the Confederate States.

"The Lincoln administration required us to raise three regiments. Tell him we have done so!"

Col. Thomas J. Jackson to the First Brigade, Virginia Volunteers, CSA


"Your dispatch is received, and I have to say in reply, that I regard the levy of troops made by the administration for the purpose of subjugating the states of the South, as a violation of the Constitution, and as a gross usurpation of power. I can be no party to this wicked violation of the laws of the country and to this war upon the liberties of a free people. You can get no troops from North Carolina."

Governor Ellis (to Lincoln) 1861

Click to expand...

At least Jackson and Governor Ellis are not claiming to be "tricked" into raising forces to oppose the Union.

Unionblue

unionblue said:

At least Jackson and Governor Ellis are not claiming to be "tricked" into raising forces to oppose the Union.

Unionblue

Click to expand...

No One was "tricked", once it was apparent that the Lincoln regime had no intentions of negotiating with Confederate authorities that government's course of action was clear enough.

GG Grandfather John M. Carlisle -- Chaplain 7th SC Inf.
GG Uncle James H. Carlisle – signer of SC Ordinance of Secession
G Grandfather Nathaniel L. McCormick—Private, Battery E 40th [3rd] N C Artillery
G Grandfather Thomas M. Bolton – Private, Co. G 19th Va. Inf.
G Uncle Dougald McCormick--Private Co. D 46th NC Inf.
G Uncle Duncan McCormick – Private, NC Home Guard
G Uncle Alexander Mc Cormick –1st Sgt, Co. B 6th MS Inf.
G Uncle Murdoch McCormick—Private, MS Home Guard
G Uncle James W. Bolton – Private, Co. B (Rives) Nelson Light Artillery (Va.), 1864 Co. G, 19th Va. Inf.
G Uncle Albert G. Bolton – Private, Co. F 27th Va. Inf.
G Uncle Alexander H. Bolton – Private, Co. D 7th Va. Inf.
G Uncle Lindsey C. Bolton – Private, Co. B. 1st Va. Reserves
G Uncle Thomas D. Boone – Captain,. Co. F 1st NC Inf.
G. Uncle James D. Boone -- Quartermaster sergeant, Co. F 1st NC Inf.
G Uncle James W. Boone -- Private, Co. D 59th (4th Cav.) NC, 1st NC Inf. Co. F
G Uncle Peter Lindsey Breeden—Captain, Co. E, 4th SC Cav.
G Uncle A.J. Breeden – Private, Co. E. 4th SC Cav.
Cousins –Daniel McKinnon, Luther McKinnon, John N. McKinnon, McKay McKinnon, Murdoch McKinnon -- all privates in Company E 40th (3rd) NC artillery [heavy]

CSA Today said:

No One was "tricked", once it was apparent that the Lincoln regime had no intentions of negotiating with Confederate authorities that government's course of action was clear enough.

Click to expand...

How refreshing to see someone not using the Confederate leadership was somehow "tricked" into firing onto Ft. Sumter! A breath of fresh air, indeed!

However, the rest of your quote above I must take issue with, as I am of the opinion the Confederate authorities were more inclined to initiate violent action to force the Upper South off the fence and into the arms of the rebellion, fearful that a cooling off period would stop the secession roll-a-coaster.

Unionblue

George Purvis said:

"not been notified" Not true.

Mr. Buchanan's Administration on the Eve of the Rebellion. Contributors: James Buchanan - author. Pages 166-167


The President (Buchanan) having observed that Major Buell, in reducing to writing at Fort Moultrie the instructions he had verbally received, required Major Anderson, in case of attack, to defend himself to the last extremity, immediately caused the Secretary of War to modify this instruction. This extreme was not required by any principle of military honor or by any rule of war. It was sufficient for him to defend himself until no reasonable hope should remain of saving the fort (Moultrie). The instructions were accordingly so modified, with the approbation of General Scott.

The President having determined not to disturb the status quo at Charleston, as long as our troops should continue to be hospitably treated by the inhabitants, and remain in unmolested possession of the forts, was gratified to learn, a short time thereafter, that South Carolina was equally intent on preserving the peace. On the 8th December, 1860, four of the Representatives in Congress from that State sought an interview, and held a conversation with him concerning the best means of avoiding a hostile collision between the parties. In order to guard against any misapprehension on either side, he suggested that they had best reduce their verbal communication to writing, and bring it to him in that form. Accordingly, on the 10th December, they delivered to him a note, dated on the previous day, and signed by five members, in which they say: "In compliance with our statement to you yesterday, we now express to you our strong convictions that neither the constituted authorities, nor any body of the people of the State of South Carolina, will either attack or molest the United States forts in the harbor of Charleston, previously to the action of the Convention; and we hope and believe not until an offer has been made, through an accredited representative, to negotiate for an amicable arrangement of all matters between the State and the Federal Government, provided that no reënforcements be sent into these forts, and their relative military status shall remain as at present."


Now there you have it in a nutshell. Anderson was not "authorized" to move, he had been informed there was no hostile intent, no reenforcements allowed.

Now you have it coupled with Andersons own words
FORT SUMTER, Charleston, S. C, December 27, 1860.

My dear Sir: I have only time to say that the movement of my command to this place was made on my own responsibility and not in obedience to orders from Washington.

His responsibility --- no authorization in his own words

George Purvis
http://southernheritageadvancementpreservationeducation.com/page.php?4

Click to expand...

Heres the fly in the soup....
In compliance with our statement to you yesterday, we now express to you our strong convictions that neither the constituted authorities, nor any body of the people of the State of South Carolina, will either attack or molest the United States forts in the harbor of Charleston, previously to the action of the Convention; and we hope and believe not until an offer has been made, through an accredited representative, to negotiate for an amicable arrangement of all matters between the State and the Federal Government, provided that no reënforcements be sent into these forts, and their relative military status shall remain as at present."

There are conditons in this promise that had already expired.. The first is "previously to the action of the Convention", in other words until the Secession Convention votes to seceed and the second is until an offer had been made... Buchanan wouldn't meet with them officially to negotiate an offer, t=so that mission had had already failed.. So any promises of non-aggresssion are now off the table.. Anderson moved after the Convention had acted and the state had seceeded and the represenatives from S. Carolina turned away..So not only did he not know about the truce (as shown in his letter) he had moved his troops after the terms of the truce were expired... And you wrote this final line...

His responsibility --- no authorization in his own words

Click to expand...

Those are not his words, he said he wasn't ordered he never said he didn't have authorization..

CSA Today said:

No One was "tricked", once it was apparent that the Lincoln regime had no intentions of negotiating with Confederate authorities that government's course of action was clear enough.

GG Grandfather John M. Carlisle -- Chaplain 7th SC Inf.
GG Uncle James H. Carlisle – signer of SC Ordinance of Secession
G Grandfather Nathaniel L. McCormick—Private, Battery E 40th [3rd] N C Artillery
G Grandfather Thomas M. Bolton – Private, Co. G 19th Va. Inf.
G Uncle Dougald McCormick--Private Co. D 46th NC Inf.
G Uncle Duncan McCormick – Private, NC Home Guard
G Uncle Alexander Mc Cormick –1st Sgt, Co. B 6th MS Inf.
G Uncle Murdoch McCormick—Private, MS Home Guard
G Uncle James W. Bolton – Private, Co. B (Rives) Nelson Light Artillery (Va.), 1864 Co. G, 19th Va. Inf.
G Uncle Albert G. Bolton – Private, Co. F 27th Va. Inf.
G Uncle Alexander H. Bolton – Private, Co. D 7th Va. Inf.
G Uncle Lindsey C. Bolton – Private, Co. B. 1st Va. Reserves
G Uncle Thomas D. Boone – Captain,. Co. F 1st NC Inf.
G. Uncle James D. Boone -- Quartermaster sergeant, Co. F 1st NC Inf.
G Uncle James W. Boone -- Private, Co. D 59th (4th Cav.) NC, 1st NC Inf. Co. F
G Uncle Peter Lindsey Breeden—Captain, Co. E, 4th SC Cav.
G Uncle A.J. Breeden – Private, Co. E. 4th SC Cav.
Cousins –Daniel McKinnon, Luther McKinnon, John N. McKinnon, McKay McKinnon, Murdoch McKinnon -- all privates in Company E 40th (3rd) NC artillery [heavy]

Click to expand...

The Confedercy knew that the Lincoln adminastration couldn't give away the fort, same as they knew it about Buchanans admin..Only Congress had that power..

http://books.google.com/books?id=VH0SAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA73&source=gbs_toc_r&cad=4#v=snippet&q=tangible evidence&f=false

Unless indeed he had tangible evidence of a design to proceed to a hostile act.. The President is stating that Anderson could move if he had such evidence.. As to the other order that was given to Anderson after this one, what does Buchanan say about it..."These were the last instructions transmitted to Major Anderson before his removal to Fort Sumter with a single exception in regard to a particular which does not, in any degree affect the present question." So hes saying the other order doesn't even come into play here and has no bearing on this situation.

And did have Anderson have tangible evidence.. Well he certainly thought he did with this letter...

"FORT SUMTER, South Carolina, December 29, 1860.
"My dear Sir: No one will regret more deeply than I shall, should it prove true that the movement I have made has complicated rather than disembarrassed affairs. There is an unaccountable mystery in reference to this affair. I was asked by a gentleman within a day or two, if I had been notified by your Government that I would not be molested at Fort Moultrie, and when I replied that I had not been so notified, he remarked that he was glad to hear it, as it convinced him that I had acted in good faith, having just told him that I had not received such an intimation from my own Government. Now if there was such an understanding, I certainly ought to have been informed of it .
But why, if your Government thought that I knew of this agreement, was everything done which indicated an intention to attack? Why were armed steamers kept constantly on the watch for my movements? The papers say that I was under a panic. That is a mistake ; the moment I inspected my position I saw that the work was not defensible with my small command, and recommended, weeks ago, that we ought to be withdrawn. I remained, then, as long as I could under the fearful responsibility I felt for the safety of my command, and finally decided on Christmas morning that I would remove the command that day; and it would have been attempted that day if the weather had not proved inauspicious. Not a person of my command knew of my determination until that morning, and only on that day. The captains of the lighters are, I am sorry to see, threatened by the Charlestonians for what they did. I do hope that they will not disgrace themselves by wreaking their wrath upon these men. They were employed to take the women and children, and food for them, to Fort Johnson, and were as innocent in the matter as any one. Another lighter was filled with commissary stores for the workingmen here, and her captain certainly is not blamable for bringing them. Not a soldier came in either of these vessels except the married men with their wives for Fort Johnson, and there was not an arm of any kind permitted to be taken on board those boats. Only one person on board those boats knew that Fort Johnson was not their final destination, until the signal was given that the command was in Fort Sumter. My men were transferred in our own boats, and were all, with the exception of those attached to the hospital, in the fort before 8 o'clock. So much in exoneration of the captains.
I regret that the Governor has deemed proper to treat us as enemies, by cutting off our communication with the city, permitting me only to send for the mails. Now this is annoying, and I regret it. We can do without going to the city, as I have supplies of provisions, of all kinds, to last my command about five months, but it would add to our comfort to be enabled to make purchases of fresh meats and so on, and to shop in the city. The Governor does not know how entirely the commerce and intercourse of Charleston by sea are in my power. I could, if so disposed, annoy and embarrass the Charlestonians much more than they can me. With my guns I can close the harbor completely to the access of all large vessels, and I might even cut off the lights, so as to seal the approach entirely by night. I do hope that nothing will occur to add to the excitement and bad feeling which exists in the city. No one has a right to be angry with me for my action. No one can tell what they would have done unless they were placed in the same tight place. . . . I write this note hurriedly, as I wish to acknowledge the receipt of your kind note, and to assure you that I am firmly convinced that, had you been in my place, and known no more of the political bearing of things than I did, you would have acted as I did.
I know that if my action was properly explained to the people of Charleston, they would not feel any excitement against me or my command.
Praying that the time may soon come, etc.,
ROBERT ANDERSON.

More from Buchanan


http://books.google.com/books?id=VH...r&cad=4#v=snippet&q=tangible evidence&f=false

WAR DEPARTMENT,
Washington, January 3, 1861
Honorable BENJAMIN STANTON,
Chairman Committee on Military Affairs, House of Representatives:
SIR: In answer to your letter, asking for information on certain points specified in a resolution adopted by the Committee on Military Affairs of the House of Representatives on the 18th ultimo, I have the honor to state as follows:
According to the latest report of the Engineer officer having charge of the construction of the defenses of the harbor of Charleston, everything practicable had been done of place Fort Moultrie in an efficient condition, and, with a proper garrison, it was deemed susceptible of an energetic defense. There were then employed at that work an officer and one hundred and twenty workmen, independent of regular garrison.*
On the evening of the 26th ultimo Major Robert Anderson, First Artillery in command of the troops in Charleston Harbor, apprehensive of the safety of his command from the insecurity of the fort, and having reason to believe that the South Carolinians contemplated or were preparing to proceed to a hostile act against him, and desiring to prevent a collision and effusion of blood, evacuated Fort Moultrie after having orders for spiking the cannon and disabling some of the carriages, and removed his forces to Fort Sumter, where they now are. Castle Pinckney was at the date of the latest report in good condition as regards preparation and with a proper garrison as defensible as it can be made. One officer and thirty workmen were engaged in the repair of the cisterns, replacing decayed baguettes, and attending to other matters of detail.
Since the date of the reports referred to, Fort Moultrie and Castle Pinckney have been taken possession of by troops of the State of South Carolina, acting under the orders of the governor, and are now held by those troops, with all the armament and other public property therein at the time of their seizure. I inclose a statement (Numbers 1.) of the number and description of ordnance, and arms at the date of the last returns at Fort Moultrie, Castle Pinckney, and Charleston Arsenal, respectively. That arsenal, with all its contents, was also taken possession of on the 30th ultimo by an armed by body of South Carolina troops, acting under orders of the governor of the State, as represented in the following report of Frederick C. Humphreys, military storekeeper of ordnance, in charge, viz:
This arsenal was taken by force of arms by the militia of South Carolina, by order of Governor Pickens. The commanding officer was allowed to salute his flag before lowering it with one gun for each State now in the Union (thirty-two), and to take it with him, and the detachment to occupy the quarters until instruction from Washington can be obtained.
At that time the force under his control consisted of nine enlisted soldiers of ordnance and six hired men.
The other information asked for in regard to the number and description of arms "distributed since the 1st day of January, 1860, and to whom and at what price," will be found in the accompanying statements (Nos. 2 and 3) from the Ordnance Bureau.* It is deemed proper to state, in further explanation of statement Numbers 2, that where no distribution appears to have been made to a State or Territory, or where the amount of the distribution is small, it is because such State or Territory has not called for all the arms due on its quotas, and remains a creditor for dues not distributed, which can be obtained at any time on requisition therefor.
Very respectfully, your obedient servant,
J. HOLT,
Secretary of War ad interim.

http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/sources/recordView.cfm?Content=001/0129

Report to Congress again repeating the fact that Anderson moved to Sumter becasue he thought he was going to be attacked..

HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY,
New York, January 5, 1861.
Major ROBERT ANDERSON,
First Artillery, Commanding Fort Sumter:
SIR: In accordance with the instructions of the General-in-Chief, I yesterday chartered the steamship Star of the West to re-enforce your small garrison with two hundred well-instructed recruits from Fort Columbus, under First Lieutenant C. R. Woods, Ninth Infantry, assisted by Lieuts. W. A. Webb, Fifth Infantry; C. W. Thomass, First Infantry, and Asst. Surg. P. G. S Broeck, Medical Department, all of whom you will retain until further orders. Besides arms for the men, one hundred spare arms and all the cartridges in the arsenal on Governor's Island will be sent; likewise, three months' subsistence for the detachment and six months' desiccated and fresh vegetables, with three or four days' fresh beef for your entire force. Further re-enforcements will be sent if necessary.
Should a fire, likely to prove injurious, be opened upon any vessel bringing re-enforcements or supplies, or upon tow-boats within the reach of your guns, they may be employed to silence such fire; and you may act in like manner in case a fire is opened upon Fort Sumter itself.
The General-in-Chief desires me to communicate the fact that your conduct meets which the emphatic approbation of the highest in authority.
You are warned to be upon your guard against all telegrams, as false ones may be attempted to be passed upon you. Measures will soon be taken to enable you to correspond with the Government by sea and Wilmington, N. C.
You will send to Fort Columbus by the return of the steamer all your sick, otherwise inefficient, officers and enlisted men. Fill up the two companies with the recruits now sent, and muster the residue as a detachment.
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
L. THOMAS,
Assistant Adjutant-General.

http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/sources/recordView.cfm?Content=001/0132

So in this memo we have Buchanan approving of the action

CSA Today said:

Once it became clear to the Confederate Government that the Lincoln regime had no intention of letting the seven states depart in peace, the government certainly needed an incident to draw in as additional Southern states as possible. The four additional states to join, after Lincoln call for troops, approximately doubled the white population of the Confederate States.

"The Lincoln administration required us to raise three regiments. Tell him we have done so!"

Col. Thomas J. Jackson to the First Brigade, Virginia Volunteers, CSA


"Your dispatch is received, and I have to say in reply, that I regard the levy of troops made by the administration for the purpose of subjugating the states of the South, as a violation of the Constitution, and as a gross usurpation of power. I can be no party to this wicked violation of the laws of the country and to this war upon the liberties of a free people. You can get no troops from North Carolina."

Governor Ellis (to Lincoln) 1861

Click to expand...

. In Alabama, the editor of the
Mobile Mercury warned that the Confederacy "is sinking into a fatal apathy, and the
spirit and even the patriotism of the people is oozing out under this do-nothing policy. If
something is not done pretty soon, decisive, either evacuation or expulsion [of the Sumter
garrison], the whole country [i.e., the Confederacy] will become so disgusted with the
sham of southern independence that the first chance the people get at a popular election
they will turn the whole movement topsy-turvy so bad that it never on earth can be
righted again."