lelliott19
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James Jackson Jarvis, Surgeon, 27th Indiana Volunteers (left*) and Francis Leland, Surgeon, 2nd Massachusetts Volunteers (right**)
Until May 1862, medical officers of both sides who remained with the wounded were captured by opposing forces and treated as prisoners of war. In May 1862, eight US Surgeons and Assistant Surgeons had been left behind at the Union Hotel in Winchester Va to care for sick and wounded Federal soldiers. On May 25 1862, Confederate forces under General T J "Stonewall" Jackson captured the town, the hospital, nurses and these medical officers:
James Burd Peale, Surgeon 1st Brigade, Blenker's Division.
Jarvis Jackson Johnson, Surgeon 27th Indiana Regiment, Banks' Division.
Francis Leland, Surgeon 2nd Massachusetts Regiment, Banks' Division.
T.M. Mitchell, Surgeon 1st Maryland Regiment, Banks' Division.
Philip Adolphus, Assistant Surgeon, United States Army, in charge of 4th Artillery.
Lincoln R. Stone, Assistant-Surgeon, Banks' Division.
Josiah F. Daly, Assistant-Surgeon 10th Maine, Banks' Division.
Evelyn M. Bissell, Assistant-Surgeon 5th Connecticut, Banks' Division.
http://www.nytimes.com/1862/06/24/n...orward-movement-gen-banks.html?pagewanted=all
Dr. Harvey Black was acting Medical Director of the Army of the Shenandoah and Dr Hunter Holmes McGuire Medical Director Army of the Valley, under the command of General T J Stonewall Jackson. These doctors and General Jackson agreed that military surgeons should be considered "noncombatants." Arrangements were made for the release of the eight Union Surgeons and Assistant Surgeons who had been captured. They signed their paroles of honor on May 31, 1862. A few weeks later, all medical officers who had been confined by both sides as prisoners of war were released and returned to their respective commands.
In 1865, Dr. McGuire was captured by Sheridan's army at Waynesboro. Upon learning of McGuire's identity and knowing of McGuire's release of medical officers, some of whom were from Sheridan's own command, General Sheridan ordered McGuire's immediate release. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1242462/pdf/annsurg00087-0015.pdf
*Image of Jarvis from https://blog.newspapers.library.in.gov/a-skeletons-odyssey-the-forensic-mystery-of-watson-brown/
**Image of Leland from http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=19380305
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