16th Tennessee

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Members of the 16th Tennessee Infantry Regiment assembled in Sparta, White County, Tennessee on September 24th, 1920. Identified men are (1) Capt. Joseph Lafayette Quarles, (2) John Mitchell, (3) Wiley Steakley, and (4) Carroll Henderson Clark. Also identified, courtesy of Cynthia Williams of Cleveland, Tenn., are two of her great~great grandfathers: Marion Holmes, seated 3rd from left, and John Calhoun Terry, seated 5th from left.

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The Battle of Franklin – November 30, 1864

This is an incomplete list. It is believed that the regiment went into this fight with around 100 effectives. The known casualties were 18 killed, 3 mortally wounded, 18 slightly or seriously wounded and 2 captured for a tentative total of 41 casualties.


Adjutant Alfred F. Claywell F&S Wounded

Horace McGuire F&S Wounded

A. J. Kersey Co. A Killed

Ord. Sgt. Thomas R. Hooper Co. A Killed

R. M. Martin Co. A Killed

W. H. Cantrell Co. A Mortally wounded (hip) (Died of hospital gangrene at Pt. LO)

Tennessee M. Hooper Co. A Wounded (left arm and hand)

J. Atnip Co. A Wounded

Watson Cantrell Co. A Wounded

June Driver Co. A Killed

John A. Moore Co. A Captured

James W. Johnson Co. A Wounded seriously (left leg required amputation)

R. W. Tucker Co. B Wounded (shell fragment – right hip)

Pvt. George Donnell Co. C Killed

Pvt. Aaron Peppers Co. C Killed

William T. Thompson Co. C Killed

J. C. Wilson Co. C Wounded

Pvt. Benjamin Marbury Co. C Captured (Escaped)

John Meadows Co. C Wounded mortally (gunshot wound – right leg and foot)

Capt. F. M. York Co. D Slightly wounded

H. M. Hennessee Co. D Slightly wounded

J. K. P. Nichols Co. D Killed

2nd Sgt. Samuel C. Lusk Co. D Killed

J. J. Morris Co. D Slightly wounded

Byars G. Webb Co. D Wounded

Lt. John Pinkney Green Co. E Killed

1st Sgt. John B. Womack Co. E Killed

John Brown Co. E Killed

Jeptha Marion Fuston Co. E Wounded (left leg and right ankle and Achilles tendon)

John Wesley Sutton Co. F Wounded (left shoulder)

William Webb Co. F Killed

C. M. Jordan Co. G Killed

Bvt. 2nd Lt. Lewis M. Pettit Co. G Killed

John R. Brown Co. H Killed

David Miller Co. H Wounded (face – near left eye)

A. D. Ware Co. H Wounded (exploding shell)

1st Sgt. Napoleon B. Hambrick Co. I Killed

Mathew McBride Co. I Wounded (right leg)

J. D. Bozarth Co. K Wounded by ball (left hip)

Pleasant C. Templeton Co. K Wounded mortally (gunshot through left lung) died Dec. 29.

William M. Wilhite Co. K Killed
 
COMMAND ORGANIZATION


JANUARY, 1864 – FEBRUARY, 1864


ARMY OF TENNESSEE
General Joseph E. Johnston

HARDEE’S CORPS
Lieut. Gen. William J. Hardee

CHEATHAM’S DIVISION[1]
Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Cheatham

WRIGHT’S BRIGADE
Brig. Gen. Marcus J. Wright

Eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Sixteenth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Twenty-eighth Consolidated Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Thirty-eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Fifty-first & Fifty-second Regiment Tennessee Volunteers




FEBRUARY, 1864 – JULY 17, 1864


ARMY OF TENNESSEE
General Joseph E. Johnston

HARDEE’S CORPS
Lieut. Gen. William J. Hardee

CHEATHAM’S DIVISION
Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Cheatham

WRIGHT’S BRIGADE
Colonel John C. Carter[2]

Eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Sixteenth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers[3]

Twenty-eighth Consolidated Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Thirty-eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Fifty-first & Fifty-second Regiment Tennessee Volunteers




JULY 17, 1864 – SEPTEMBER, 1864


ARMY OF TENNESSEE
General John Bell Hood

HARDEE’S CORPS
Lieut. Gen. William J. Hardee

CHEATHAM’S DIVISION
Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Cheatham[4]

CARTER’S BRIGADE
Brig. Gen. John C. Carter[5]

Eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Sixteenth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Twenty-eighth Consolidated Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Thirty-eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Fifty-first & Fifty-second Regiment Tennessee Volunteers





BATTLE OF PEACH TREE CREEK
JULY 20, 1864



ARMY OF TENNESSEE
General John Bell Hood

HARDEE’S CORPS
Lieut. Gen. William J. Hardee

CHEATHAM’S DIVISION
Colonel Francis M. Walker

CARTER’S BRIGADE
Colonel John H. Anderson

Eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Sixteenth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Twenty-eighth Consolidated Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Thirty-eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Fifty-first & Fifty-second Regiment Tennessee Volunteers








BATTLE OF ATLANTA
JULY 22, 1864



ARMY OF TENNESSEE
General John Bell Hood

HARDEE’S CORPS
Lieut. Gen. William J. Hardee

CHEATHAM’S DIVISION
Colonel Francis M. Walker[6]

CARTER’S BRIGADE
Brig. Gen. John C. Carter

Eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Sixteenth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Twenty-eighth Consolidated Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Thirty-eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Fifty-first & Fifty-second Regiment Tennessee Volunteers






BATTLE OF JONESBORO
AUGUST 31 – SEPTEMBER 1, 1864



ARMY OF TENNESSEE
General John Bell Hood

WING COMMANDER
Lieut. Gen. William J. Hardee

HARDEE’S CORPS
Maj. Gen. Patrick R. Cleburne[7]

CHEATHAM’S DIVISION
Brig. Gen. John C. Carter[8]

CARTER’S BRIGADE
Colonel John H. Anderson

Eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Sixteenth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Twenty-eighth Consolidated Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Thirty-eighth Regiment Tennessee Volunteers

Fifty-first & Fifty-second Regiment Tennessee Volunteers




REORGANIZATION OF SEPTEMBER 24, 1864
And organization
AT BATTLE OF FRANKLIN
NOVEMBER 30, 1864



ARMY OF TENNESSEE
General John Bell Hood

CHEATHAM’S CORPS
Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Cheatham[9]

CHEATHAM’S OLD DIVISION
Maj. Gen. John C. Brown[10]

CARTER’S BRIGADE[11]
Brig. Gen. John C. Carter[12]

First / Twenty-seventh Regiments Tennessee Volunteers

Fourth Confederate / Sixth / Ninth / Fiftieth Regiments Tennessee Volunteers

Eighth / Sixteenth / Twenty-eighth Regiments Tennessee Volunteers




BATTLE OF NASHVILLE
DECEMBER 15 – 16, 1864



ARMY OF TENNESSEE
General John Bell Hood

CHEATHAM’S CORPS
Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Cheatham

CHEATHAM’S OLD DIVISION
Brig. Gen. Mark P. Lowrey

CARTER’S BRIGADE
Colonel Hume R. Field

First / Twenty-seventh Regiments Tennessee Volunteers

Fourth Confederate / Sixth / Ninth / Fiftieth Regiments Tennessee Volunteers

Eighth / Sixteenth / Twenty-eighth Regiments Tennessee Volunteers[13]





REAR GUARD – ARMY OF TENNESSEE
DECEMBER 20 – DECEMBER 27, 1864


REAR GUARD COMMANDER
Lieut. Gen. Nathan B. Forrest

INFANTRY COMMANDER[14]
Maj. Gen. Edward C. Walthall

Featherston’s & Quarles’ Brigades
Brig. Gen. Winfield S. Featherston

Ector’s & Reynolds’ Brigades
Brig. Gen. Daniel H. Reynolds

Smith’s & Palmer’s Brigades
Colonel J. B. Palmer

Strahl’s & Carter’s Brigades[15]
Colonel Hume R. Field

(Field’s force was composed of the following regiments.)

First / Twenty-seventh Tennessee Regiments

Fourth Confederate / Sixth / Ninth / Fiftieth Tennessee Regiments

Eighth / Sixteenth / Twenty-eighth Tennessee Regiments

Fourth / Fifth / Thirty-first / Thirty-third / Thirty-eighth Tennessee

Nineteenth / Twenty-fourth / Forty-first Tennessee Regiments




BATTLE OF BENTONVILLE
MARCH 21, 1865
[16]


ARMY OF THE SOUTH
General Joseph E. Johnston

ARMY OF TENNESSEE
Lieut. Gen. Alexander P. Stewart

CHEATHAM’S CORPS
Maj. Gen. William B. Bate

CHEATHAM’S OLD DIVISION
Brig. Gen. Roswell S. Ripley

CARTER’S BRIGADE
Lieut. Col. Christopher C. McKinney

First / Twenty-seventh Regiments Tennessee Volunteers

Fourth Confederate / Sixth / Ninth / Fiftieth Regiments Tennessee Volunteers

Eighth / Sixteenth / Twenty-eighth Regiments Tennessee Volunteers





FINAL REORGANIZATION
FOR SURRENDER AT BENNET PLACE, N.C.
APRIL 26, 1865



ARMY OF THE SOUTH
General Joseph E. Johnston

HARDEE’S CORPS
Lieut. Gen. William J. Hardee

CHEATHAM’S DIVISION
Maj. Gen. Benjamin F. Cheatham

PALMER’S BRIGADE
Brig. Gen. Joseph B. Palmer

First Consolidated Regiment Tennessee Infantry
Lieut. Col. Oliver A. Bradshaw

Comprised of the 1st/6th/8th/9th/16th/27th/28th/34th Tennessee Regiments and the 24th Battalion Tennessee Sharpshooters.[17]


[1] Shortly after the Battle of Chickamauga, Cheatham’s division was broken up by General Bragg and his brigades distributed temporarily to other divisions of the army. Wright’s brigade was placed under Jackson, but was detached at Charleston, Tennessee during the entirety of Jackson’s tenure. With Johnston’s appointment to army command, the old brigades of Cheatham’s division were returned to his command by February 6, 1864.

[2] Colonel John Anderson commanded the brigade as interim commander after Wright’s transfer until February 14th when Colonel Carter returned with his regiment from east Tennessee. On July 7th, Carter was officially promoted to brigadier-general.

[3] On May 17th, Colonel D. M. Donnell was unfit for service and sent to the rear. He never returned to command the regiment but was assigned post duty. Major Benjamin Randals was given command of the regiment at this time.

[4] General Cheatham acted off and on as division commander during this time. At Peach Tree Creek he temporarily commanded Hood’s corps due to Hood’s promotion to army commander. In his absence, Colonel Francis M. Walker of the 19th Tennessee commanded the division. Cheatham remained in that capacity through the Battle of Atlanta then returned to division command until A. P. Stewart was wounded at Ezra Church. He assumed command of Stewart’s corps at that point and again returned to division command when Stewart recovered.

[5] Carter was not present for the Battle of Peach Tree Creek. In his absence, Colonel Anderson of the Eighth Tennessee temporarily commanded the brigade.

[6] Colonel Walker was killed in action, and Cheatham resumed command of the division shortly after the battle.

[7] Cheatham would have assumed this position but was suffering from a rare ailment. This elevated Cleburne to command the corps.

[8] This one and only opportunity at division command allowed Carter to show his ability to react quickly on the battlefield.

[9] Cheatham was given command of Hardee’s corps upon Hardee’s transfer to departmental command.

[10] Brown was wounded at Franklin.

[11] At this reorganization in September, 1864, Maney’s and Carter’s brigades were combined, while two of their old sister regiments were transferred. The 38th Tennessee was placed in Strahl’s brigade and the 51st/52nd Tennessee was added to Gordon’s brigade.

[12] Carter was mortally wounded at Franklin.

[13] Major Ben Randals was captured at Nashville.

[14] The entire infantry force numbered only 1,621 effectives.

[15] This command of two brigades under Field amounted to only 278 effective men. The seventeen regiments that comprised the force under Colonel Field alone would have numbered nearly 17,000 men at the beginning of the war.

[16] Although the battle was fought March 19 – 21, 1865, Cheatham’s old division arrived on the field the last day of the battle.

[17] The entire consolidation of these eight regiments and one battalion numbered only 384 men present for the surrender. This averaged 42.6 men per organization.
 
Total number of men enlisted in the regiment: 1,389 + Colonel and six surgeons = 1,396
Number of original volunteers: 1,018 enlisted and officer
Number of men Conscripted: 349
Number of men killed in action: 119
Number of men mortally wounded: 82
Total combat deaths: 201
Number of men that died of disease or illness: 83
Number of men medically discharged due to wounds or in-capabilities: 132
Number of men remaining on rolls but unfit due to wounds: 72
Number of men discharged due to Conscription Act: 135
Number of men that transferred to another unit: 170
Number of men that were captured and remained in prison without exchange: 154
Number of men whose records end without explanation: 67
Number of men last reported as in the hospital and never returned to duty: 19
Number of men cut off behind enemy lines and could not rejoin regiment: 16
Number of men detached to other roles in the army: 54
Number of officers that resigned: 8
Number of men that deserted: 253
Number of men discharged and later reenlisted: 26
Number of men that transferred from another unit to the regiment: 23
Only 74 men were present at the final surrender, while 5 were accounted for on detached duty in another department.

Of the number of men that were conscripted, 300 joined in 1862 and 49 joined after January 1863.
Of the 349 of them, 72 of them would die in action, of wounds or disease.
26 would be unfit due to wounds.
27 were present at the final surrender.
106 of them deserted.

Of the original volunteers, 203 died in action of wounds or disease.
128 were medically discharged.
133 were discharged by the Conscript Act.
155 transferred out of the regiment.
44 were unfit due to wounds.
128 deserted.
84 were captured never to return.
44 were detached.
45 were present at the final surrender.

The regiment had lost 79 men killed in action by the end of December 1862.
68 had been mortally wounded.
55 had died of illness or disease.
 
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16th Tennessee – Staff and by Company Rosters

The Sixteenth Tennessee Infantry Regiment was composed of ten companies from the eastern portion of middle Tennessee. These companies were formed in whole or in part by the counties of Warren, Van Buren, DeKalb, Putnam, Coffee, Cannon, Grundy and White Counties. The following by company rosters give the rank, name, age and height (when available in parenthesis) and end result of their service with the regiment—whether killed, captured never to return, unfit for duty due to wounds, transferred, deserted or discharged, etc. These company rosters only give the initial ranks of the men and only identify promotions for regimental staff positions – it does not include in company promotions. Thus, ranks are shown at the inception of the company only.

Explanation of Ranks and Titles

A regiment was commanded by a Colonel. His second in command was the Lieutenant Colonel, followed by the Major. There were numerous regimental staff positions that soldiers in the unit had to fill. These included but were not limited to the following:
Adjutant was a title bestowed to a literate, educated man that usually came with the rank of Lieutenant. He assisted the Regimental staff with the enforcement of discipline, execution of orders and general readiness of the command.
Aid-de-Camp (A.D.C.) was an administrative position that helped the Colonel and the rest of his staff complete and fill out logistical paper work and orders.
Ensign or Regimental Color Sergeant was the color bearer of the regiment. It was a position of honor usually bestowed upon the most soldierly, disciplined soldier in the regiment. He was in charge of the guard that was comprised of at least four other men whose job was to protect the regimental flag under any circumstances.
Orderly was the title given to a soldier who assisted the Colonel in additional duties often including dictation or delivery of orders.
Acting Commissary Sergeant (A.C.S.) was assigned to a soldier with good administrative and logistical skills that would be in charge of the sustenance of the regiment. He was tasked with ordering and inspecting food the regiment received.
Ordnance Sergeant was a title and rank given to a literate, educated man that was good in logistics and was responsible for the requisition of ammunition for the regiment and its distribution.
Quartermaster and Assistant Quartermaster Sergeant were titles given to two men that were literate, educated and good in logistics. They were responsible for the requisitioning and distribution of clothing and equipment essential to the operations of the regiment. This title was given the rank of Sergeant within the regiment.
Sergeant Major was the highest enlisted rank in the regiment. He helped ensure the readiness of the regiment and oversaw the welfare of the enlisted men as well as the enforcement of discipline in the ranks.

All ages listed are probable as of July 1863.
An asterisks * denotes conscripts.
The Field and Staff includes only those officers which do not have company records.


Field and Staff
Col. John Houston Savage
(47) – resigned February 20, 1863
Surgeon Alfred H. Hatcher (40) – captured January 5, 1863 – exchanged April 9, 1863 – no further record
Surgeon James M. Holcombe – served as surgeon from November 1, 1862 to November 29, 1862 – resigned January 1863
Surgeon Thomas W. Leak – assigned to duty March 23, 1863 – present through July 1864 – no further record
Surgeon W. S. Leak – served with James Holcombe until March 23, 1863 when resigned
***. Surg. Charles K. Mauzy – appointed November 14, 1861 – present through December 1864 – no further record
Surgeon John T. Read (38) – discharged by Conscript Act May 20, 1862

The following officers and men were promoted to field or staff positions or detailed to regimental or brigade assignments and are also listed on company rosters.
Field and Staff – also listed in Company rosters
Ordnance Sergeant Silas Y. Ballard
(36) – detached August 14, 1863 – murdered by Federal troops on Smithville Road 1864
Regimental Fifer Pvt. M. Blunt (24) – regimental fifer – mortally wounded October 8, 1862
Pvt. A. C. Bowlin (28) – appointed color sergeant March 1863 – deserted August 10, 1863
Ordnance Sergeant A. J. Brown – promoted to Major and brigade Quartermaster – discharged by Conscript Act May 1862
Captain Daniel T. Brown – promoted to Lieutenant Colonel – detached March 1864 to post duty Greensboro, Georgia
Pvt. James Brown – appointed Commissary Sergeant May 1862 – transferred to Murray’s Battalion May 16, 1863
Pvt. Gilbert R. Campbell (33) – promoted to Captain and Assistant Brigade Quartermaster July 19, 1861
Fifer J. D. Cantrell (21) – transferred to Carnes’ Battery July 1862
Captain Patrick H. Coffee (40) – elected Major May 8, 1862 – resigned April 3, 1863
Captain David McMurray Donnell (35) – elected Lt. Col. May 8, 1862 – promoted to Col. February 20, 1863 – unfit for duty May
19, 1864 – surrendered Tallahassee May 10, 1865
*Pvt. George Donnell (18) – appointed orderly to Colonel Donnell February 1863 – killed in action November 30, 1864
Pvt. M. Gabriel Elkins (54) – regimental drummer – medically discharged March 23, 1862
Pvt. William W. England (28) – detached to Commissary department August 18, 1863 – no further record
2nd Cpl. Richard Fancher (27 – 5’10”) – A.C.S. for regiment November 1861 – promoted brigade Chief Commissary August 1862
2nd Cpl. Henry H. Faulkner (24) – assistant commissary 1861 – elected Major January 1862 – resigned – discharged May 1862
Pvt. William H. Fisher (26) – acting adjutant spring 1863 – detached to post duty March 1864 – surrendered May 17, 1865
Pvt. Joseph H. Goodbar (25) – elected major June 8, 1861 – died of illness December 10, 1861
Pvt. Bailey Peyton Green (26) – acting Commissary February 1863 – unfit due to wounds since September 1864 – no further record
Pvt. William S. Hill (22) – orderly to brigade commander March 1863 – present at final surrender as Captain Company K, 1st
Consolidated Regiment Tennessee Volunteers
Pvt. Thomas R. Hooper (27) – appointed regimental Ordnance Sergeant March 16, 1864 – killed in action November 30, 1864
*Pvt. James C. J. Kirby – appointed musician March 1864 – present at the final surrender
*Pvt. Hiram J. King (30) – appointed musician March 5, 1864 – present at the final surrender
Pvt. W. T. Mabry (26) – appointed color bearer May 8, 1862 – medically discharged due to wounds August 1, 1863
Pvt. Frank Marchbanks (27) – appointed Assistant Quartermaster July 1861 – present through July 1863 – murdered 1864
1st Lt. George Marchbanks (24) – appointed drillmaster July 1861 – appointed Adjutant July 1861 – discharged May 1862
Pvt. George R. Martin (21) – appointed regimental musician April 1862 – present through October 1864 – no further record
Pvt. P. H. McBride (36) – appointed color bearer June 10, 1861 – transferred to cavalry April 10, 1862
Bugler Horace McGuire – appointed musician July 1861 – appointed Chief Musician 1862 – captured December 17, 1864
Pvt. John F. Moore (37) – appointed musician February 1862 – discharged by Conscript Act 1862
Capt. Thomas B. Murray (34) – elected Lt. Col. June 1861 – resigned May 1862 – raised 22nd Batt. Infantry September 1862
Pvt. John R. Paine (25) – appointed Adjutant September 9, 1861 – resigned February 2, 1863
4th Sgt. Thomas Benton Potter (27 – 5’6”) – appointed Sergeant Major July 12, 1861 – captured December 16, 1864
*Pvt. Green B. Rankhorn (30) – assistant commissary May 1863 – present at the final surrender
Pvt. R. Richardson (25) – temporarily appointed Quartermaster Sergeant October to December 1862 – deserted August 4, 1863
Pvt. James B. Ritchey (32) – appointed regimental hospital steward June 1861 – appointed ***. Quartermaster August 1863 – present
at the final surrender with 3d Regt. Engineer Troops
Pvt. James Edward Rotan (21) – appointed Commissary Sergeant January 1862 – present though December 1864 – no further
record
Pvt. Eldridge Standwick Rowan (22) – detached as clerk for A.A.G. brigade headquarters – present at the final surrender
Pvt. Henry David Sewell (29) – Acting Ordnance Sergeant January 1864 – detached for guard duty February 19, 1864
Pvt. E. W. Smartt (21) – acting Quartermaster February 1862 –Brigade Ordnance Dept. July 1863 – present at the final surrender
Pvt. W. D. Smartt (31) – detailed with Quartermaster Dept. July 1863 – Brigade Forage Master January 1864 – surrendered May 1865
Pvt. James M. Smith (28 – 6’) – detached as Regimental Ordnance Train driver February 20, 1862 – present at final surrender 3d
Engineer Battalion
Pvt. D. C. Spurlock (30) – appointed Quartermaster Sergeant August 1861 – killed in action December 31, 1862
Drummer Alfred C. Stipe (33) – medically discharged July 1862
Drummer W. B. Sweeny (30) – deserted May 3, 1862
Pvt. Henry C. Tate (29) – appointed Assistant Quartermaster February 1863 – killed in action May 27, 1864
Pvt. Frank A. Thompson (26) – appointed Commissary Sergeant August 1863 – present at the final surrender
1st Cpl. William Henry White (27) – regimental color bearer October 1862 – transferred to 4th Tennessee Cavalry February 1865

UNASSIGNED:
*Pvt. William A. Kemp
(17) – conscripted 1864 – captured December 19, 1864 – died of illness in prison April 7, 1865
*Pvt. Lyman B. McCrary (32 – 6’) – relieved from duty – appointed ***. Surgeon in artillery December 1862
 
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