 Gettysburg was not accidental
The AoP was getting good intelligence on where Lee had his corps. It has spies working out of Gettysburg and Chambersburg, prior to the battle. It made good use of its telegraph network to get information to Meade.
Here are some OR reports that reflect such intelligence.
HEADQUARTERS FIRST CAVALRY DIVISION,
Gettysburg, June 30, 1863.
...Colonel Gamble has just sent me word
that Lee signed a pass for a citizen this morning at Chambersburg.
JNO. BUFORD,
Brigadier-General of Volunteers.
GETTYSBURG, June 30—10.40 p. m.
I have the honor to state the following facts: A. P. Hill’s corps, composed of Anderson, Heth, and Pender, is massed back of Cash-town, 9 miles from this place. His pickets, composed of infantry and artillery, are in sight of mine. There is a road from Cashtown running through Mummasburg and Hunterstown on to York pike at Oxford, which is terribly infested with roving detachments of
cavalry. Rumor says Ewell is coming over the mountains from Carlisle. One of his escort was captured to-day near Heidlersburg. He says Rodes, commanding a division of Ewell’s, has already crossed the mountains from Carlisle. When will the reserve be relieved, and where are my wagons? I have no need of them, as I can find no forage. I have kept General Reynolds informed of all that has transpired. The inclosed * is in reply to last dispatch.
I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant,
JNO. BUFORD,  | 
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