Pistols of the Civil War By CivilWarTalk Published: November 23, 2006 PrintEmail
During the Civil War pistols of all shapes, sizes, and calibers were used by Union and Confederate soldiers, especially the officers and the cavalry. They were especially effective during close-in fighting. The most popular handguns were those made by American manufacturers Colt and Remington.
1858 REMINGTON NEW MODEL ARMY, .44 CAL.
The stiffest competitor to Colt’s 1860 Army, the Remington New Model Army was one of the last percussion revolvers purchased by the U.S. Army. Total production, approximately 132,000. The solid frame design of the Remington was considered to be superior to the Colt.
1851 COLT NAVY, .36 CAL. 1860 COLT ARMY, .44 CAL. The successor to the Third Model Dragoon, the Colt 1860 Army was one of the most widely used Union revolvers during the Civil War. This pistol was produced from 1860 through 1873 with a total of over 200,000 being made.
The 1851 Navy Model was produced by Colt from 1850 to 1876 with 215,000 being made. It’s light weight and balance made it a favorite of both Union and Confederate troops during the Civil War.
The Mounted Colt Model 1860 Army
Before the Civil War, the future President of the Confederacy was the U.S. Secretary of War. One of Jefferson Davis’ pet projects was developing the combination pistol-carbine for Cavalry use. Although they were eventually replaced by carbines such as the Smith, Sharps, Gallegher and Maynard, the combination pistol-carbines were used early in the War.
1847 WALKER DRAGOON, .44 CAL. The most powerful handgun of its day, the 1847 Walker was the most revered of all the early “six shooters”. Designed by the legendary Texas Ranger Capt. Samuel H. Walker and his old friend Sam Colt, the 1847 Dragoon saw extensive service during the war with Mexico. The huge Colt with its tremendous stopping power continued to be the favorite of the Rangers fighting Apache and Comanche war parties.
1836 PATERSON, .36 CAL. Originally manufactured in Paterson, New Jersey by the Patent Arms Manufacturing Company, the Model 1836 was the first successful revolver.
RODGERS & SPENCER, .44 CAL. One of the strongest and most accurate revolvers of the Civil War period, the Rogers and Spencer was originally manufactured towards the end of the war in Utica, N.Y. It saw service as late as the Spanish-American war fighting Moro tribesmen in the Philippines.
SPILLER AND BURR, .36 CAL. The Spiller and Burr was originally produced in Atlanta, Georgia between 1862 and 1864. The Confederacy ordered 15,000 revolvers, but the Atlanta factory was unable to make delivery. The C.S. government then purchased the company and moved it to the Macon Armory to continue production.
STARR DOUBLE ACTION MODEL 1858 ARMY, .44 CAL. Manufactured by Starr Arms Co. of New York City from the late 1850’s into the Civil War era, this early double action revolver was issued to the U.S. Army. The Model 1858 was also sold to civilians and made its way to the Western Frontier.
STARR SINGLE ACTION MODEL 1863 ARMY, .44 CAL. Along with the Colt and Remington revolvers, the Starr model 1863 was widely used by Union officers during the Civil War from 1863 to 1865.
LE MAT REVOLVER The Le Mat was probably the most romantic revolver ever manufactured. Conceived by the fertile minds of a French seafarer and a brilliant military man, Colonel Le Mat and General Beauregard worked together to perfect the ultimate military sidearm. It was a favorite of Cavalry General J.E.B. Stuart, as well as many Confederate Naval and Infantry officers. The first models were made by John Krider, a Philadelphia gunsmith. But due to the war, production was set up as a cottage industry in and around Paris where the guns were produced for the Confederate States. The revolvers were then sent to England where they were proofed and shipped on to Bermuda where they were run through the blockade to the Confederacy. This nine shot .44 caliber revolver with a central single shot barrel of approximately .65 caliber gave the Confederate serviceman a considerable edge over his adversary.